Motivation Lecture Flashcards
What is motivation?
interplay between nature (the bodily “push”) and nurture (“the pull from our personal experiences, thoughts, and culture)
What is instinct?
complex behavior with a fixed pattern throughout a species and is not learned
What is evolutionary theory?
Genes do predispose some species-typical behavior
What are psychological needs?
create an aroused and motivated state (ie drive)
What is a drive?
Pushes us to reduce that need.
What is drive-reduction theory?
when a physiological need increases, so does our psychological drive to reduce it.
What is homeostasis?
maintenance for a steady internal state.
What is arousal theory?
human motivation aims not to eliminate arousal but to seek optimum levels of arousal. Having all our biological needs satisfied, we feel driven to experience stimulation.
Who developed the hierarchy of needs?
Maslow
What are the 6 needs in the hierarchy?
Physiological needs Esteem needs Belongingness and love needs Safety needs Self-transcendence needs
In what order can you meet various needs in the hierarchy?
Each need must be met before being able to meet the next need above it.
What happens when blood glucose levels drop?
you feel hunger
What happens when the arcuate nucleus releases hormones?
you begin to eat
What happens when the arcuate nucleusis destroyed?
no interest in food and starve
What is ghrelin and what is it’s function?
hunger arousing hormone
Where does ghrelin get secreted from?
empty stomach
What role does ghrelin play in bypass surgery?
part of stomach is cut out there for there is less ghrelin and less hunger
What is the ecology of eating and what are some examples?
situational influences on eating (ex. Friends and food, Serving size, Stimulating selections, and Nudging nutrition)
When do hormones rise and fall for each sex?
Female sex hormones fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle, while male sex hormones remain relatively stable.
Why were social bonds important for our ancestors?
increased chance of survival
According to Ryan & Deci (2000), what three needs to people strive to satisfy?
Competence, Autonomy, and, Relatedness
How does fulfilling these needs affect health and well-being?
it increases health, reduces stress and boosts self esteem
What is motivation achievement and why does it matter?
desire for significant accomplishment, for mastering skills or ideas, for control, and attaining a high standard.
Studies show those kids are more successful and happy.
What are the two types of motivation and how are they different?
intrinsic motivation (: the desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake) Extrinsic Motivation (behaving in certain ways that gain external rewards or avoid threatened punishment)
