Motivation Lecture

Question 1

What is motivation?

Answer 1

interplay between nature (the bodily “push”) and nurture (“the pull from our personal experiences, thoughts, and culture)

Question 2

What is instinct?

Answer 2

complex behavior with a fixed pattern throughout a species and is not learned

Question 3

What is evolutionary theory?

Answer 3

Genes do predispose some species-typical behavior

Question 4

What are psychological needs?

Answer 4

create an aroused and motivated state (ie drive)

Question 5

What is a drive?

Answer 5

Pushes us to reduce that need.

Question 6

What is drive-reduction theory?

Answer 6

when a physiological need increases, so does our psychological drive to reduce it.

Question 7

What is homeostasis?

Answer 7

maintenance for a steady internal state.

Question 8

What is arousal theory?

Answer 8

human motivation aims not to eliminate arousal but to seek optimum levels of arousal. Having all our biological needs satisfied, we feel driven to experience stimulation.

Question 9

Who developed the hierarchy of needs?

Answer 9

Maslow

Question 10

What are the 6 needs in the hierarchy?

Answer 10

Physiological needs
Esteem needs
Belongingness and love needs
Safety needs
Self-transcendence needs

Question 11

In what order can you meet various needs in the hierarchy?

Answer 11

Each need must be met before being able to meet the next need above it.

Question 12

What happens when blood glucose levels drop?

Answer 12

you feel hunger

Question 13

What happens when the arcuate nucleus releases hormones?

Answer 13

you begin to eat

Question 14

What happens when the arcuate nucleusis destroyed?

Answer 14

no interest in food and starve

Question 15

What is ghrelin and what is it’s function?

Answer 15

hunger arousing hormone

Question 16

Where does ghrelin get secreted from?

Answer 16

empty stomach

Question 17

What role does ghrelin play in bypass surgery?

Answer 17

part of stomach is cut out there for there is less ghrelin and less hunger

Question 18

What is the ecology of eating and what are some examples?

Answer 18

situational influences on eating (ex. Friends and food, Serving size, Stimulating selections, and Nudging nutrition)

Question 19

When do hormones rise and fall for each sex?

Answer 19

Female sex hormones fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle, while male sex hormones remain relatively stable.

Question 20

Why were social bonds important for our ancestors?

Answer 20

increased chance of survival

Question 21

According to Ryan & Deci (2000), what three needs to people strive to satisfy?

Answer 21

Competence, Autonomy, and, Relatedness

Question 22

How does fulfilling these needs affect health and well-being?

Answer 22

it increases health, reduces stress and boosts self esteem

Question 23

What is motivation achievement and why does it matter?

Answer 23

desire for significant accomplishment, for mastering skills or ideas, for control, and attaining a high standard.
Studies show those kids are more successful and happy.

Question 24

What are the two types of motivation and how are they different?

Answer 24

intrinsic motivation (: the desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake) 
Extrinsic Motivation (behaving in certain ways that gain external rewards or avoid threatened punishment)