Thinking evolutionarily Flashcards
what are the 3 patterns in evolution?
1 patterns in living species
2 patterns in the fossil record
3. patterns from relatedness of species
when Dr Scott Carol collected soapberry bugs from native plants in key largo and Introduced plants in lake wales, what did he notice?
the bugs feeding on the introduced plants with flat pods had shorter mouthparts
Carrol decided to rear bugs from each location on each host plant species, this experiment is called
reciprocal experimentation
did the length of the bugs rostra change when it was moved to the other plant? this conclduded that proboscis length was
no
determinate
rudimentary traits that are homologous to fully functional traits in related species (coccyx, spurs)
vestigial traits
any trace of organisms that lived in the past
fossil
the total worldwide library of fossils held by museums, universities, and indivuals
fossil record
the death and disappearance of a species
extinction
animal listed by Georges Cuvier as an extinct species, but not accepted by scientific community as extinct until 1812
Irish Elk
megaloceros
extinct ape relative of orangutan, thought to be the source of the bigfoot tale
Gigantopithecus
law that says- in the same geographic area, extinct organisms are succeeded by fossils and extant species of the same lineage.
law of succession
a species that exhibits characteristics of both ancestral and derived forms (missing links)
transitional form/fossil
transitional fossil that serves as the missing link between dinosaurs and birds, discovered just 2 years after Darwin’s “origin” was published
Archeopteryx
a diagram of ancestor/descendant relationships usually based on morphological or molecular characters, trees are testable hypotheses
phylogenetic or evolutionary tree
classical definition of homology
structural similarity between or among species despite potential difference in function
phylogenetic definition of homology
similarity between or among species that is the result of inheritance of traits from a common ancestor
a sequence of nucleotides coded instructions for transcription of RNA, translation to protein
gene
sequences of DNA homologous to functioning genes but not transcribed
pseudogenes
mRNA that are reveresed transcribed and inserted back into the chromosome
retrotransposons
Theodosius Dobzhanksy said “nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of - “
evolution
