Thinking

Question 1

Formal thought disorder (FTD)

Answer 1

Disturbance in the form of thought rather than the content of thought; thinking characterised by loosened associations, neologisms and illogical constructs; thought processes are disordered and the person is defined as psychotic

Question 2

Neologism

Answer 2

New word created by a patient often by combining syllables of other words for idiosyncratic psychological reasons

Question 3

Word salad

Answer 3

Incoherent mixture of words and phrases

Question 4

Circumstantiality

Answer 4

Indirect speech that is delayed in reaching the point but eventually gets from original point to desired goal, characterised by over inclusion of details and parenthetical remarks

Question 5

Perseveration

Answer 5

Persisting response to a previous stimulus after a new stimulus has been presented; often associated with cognitive disorders

Question 6

Echolalia

Answer 6

Psychopathological repetition of words or phrases of one person by another; tends to be repetitive and persistent maybe spoken with mocking or staccato intonation

Question 7

Loosening of associations

Answer 7

Flow of thought in which ideas shift from one subject to another in a completely unrelated way; when severe, speech maybe incoherent

Question 8

Flight of ideas

Answer 8

Rapid, continuous verbalisation or plays on words produce, constant shifting from one idea to another; ideas tend to be connected and in the less severe forms listener may be able to follow them

Question 9

Clang association

Answer 9

Association of words similar and sound but not in meaning: words have no logical connection; may include rhyming and punning

Question 10

Blocking

Answer 10

Abrupt interruption in train of thought before a thought or idea is finished; after a brief pause, person indicates no recall of what was being said or was going to be said (also known as thought deprivation)

Question 11

Poverty of content

Answer 11

Thought that gives little information because of vagueness, empty repetitions or obscure phrases

Question 12

Overvalued idea

Answer 12

Unreasonable, sustained false belief maintained less firmly than a delusion

Question 13

Delusion

Answer 13

A fixed, false belief, base on incorrect inference about external reality, not consistent with patience intelligence and cultural background; cannot be corrected by reasoning

Question 14

Obsession

Answer 14

Pathological persistence of an irresistible thought or feeling that cannot be eliminated from consciousness by logical effort; associated with anxiety

Question 15

Phobia

Answer 15

Persistent, irrational, exaggerated and invariable pathological dread of a specific stimulus or situation; results in a compelling desire to avoid the feared stimulus

Question 16

Nihilistic delusion

Answer 16

The belief that part of the body are missing