Thinkers' ideas

Question 1

John Locke

Answer 1

Social contract theory - Society, state and government are based on a theoretical voluntary agreement.
Limited government - Government should be limited and based on consent from below.

Question 2

Mary Wollstonecraft

Answer 2

Women, similarly to men, are rational beings capable of logic.
Formal equality - Women should enjoy full civil liberties and be allowed to have careers.

Question 3

J.S. Mill

Answer 3

Harm principle - Individuals should be free to do anything except harming other individuals.
Tolerance - Popularity of a view doesn’t necessarily make it correct.

Question 4

John Rawls

Answer 4

Theory of justice - Society must be just and guarantee each citizen a life worth living.
Enabling state - State should promote welfare and equal opportunity so that each individual can succeed.
Veil of ignorance - Hypothetical scenario where individuals agree on the type of society they want from a position where they lack knowledge of their own position.

Question 5

Friedan

Answer 5

Legal equality - Women are as capable as men; oppressive laws and social views must be overturned.
Equal opportunity - Women are held back from their potential due to limited number of jobs that are considered acceptable for women.