Internal differences

Question 1

Egotistical individualism

Answer 1

Individuals know what is best for themselves as they are self-interested, therefore the state should be limited and individuals should be able to retain wealth.

Question 2

Developmental individualism

Answer 2

Individuals may choose to make social progress and express a degree of altruism, the state should provide essential welfare and some wealth distribution.

Question 3

Negative freedom

Answer 3

Freedom from external interference.

Question 4

Positive freedom

Answer 4

Freedom to act; there must be external interference to help the disadvantaged be free.

Question 5

Laissez-faire capitalism

Answer 5

Abstention from governments in interfering with the free market.

Question 6

Keynesianism

Answer 6

This is where governments advocate monetary and fiscal policies (some interference) to increase employment and spending (positive freedom).

Question 7

Classical liberalism

Answer 7

Early liberals who believed individual freedom was best achieved with the minimal state.

Question 8

Modern liberalism

Answer 8

This was a reaction against free-market capitalism, they believed this led to freedom being restricted for many individuals.