Things To Study Flashcards by Jaz Meza

Mineral resources

Mineral or rock mines form earth and used in products

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Habit

Shape of individual crystals or aggregates of crystals

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Minerals with submetallic property? What property is it?

Galena and copper
Luster

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Vitreous meaning
Property it’s a part of

Glassy (nonmetallic)
Luster

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Does quartz have a streak?

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Example of minerals where the luster isn’t great for identification, so what do we use instead

Hematite (metallic/black) and nonmetallic (red), but streak is brick red

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Tenacity adjectives and examples of minerals with that tenacity

Brittle- nonmetallic like quartz and halite
Malleable- gold and copper
Elastic- micas
Sectile-gypsum and talc

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What are minerals with a chonchodial fracture

Quartz
garnet

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Distinctive property of calcite

Acid test
Double refraction

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Quartz chem formula

SiO2

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Hematite chem formula

Fe2O3

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Directions of cleavage of micas

One direction

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Direction of cleavage for fluorite

Four direction

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What is the direction of cleavage for hornsblende

2 directions
60, 120

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What is the direction of cleavage for halite

3 directions
90

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Directions of cleavage for calcite

3 directions
75

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Directions of cleavage for feldspar

2 directions
90

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Beneficiation

Extracting a desired mineral or element from an ore

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Aluminum is extracted from what? Mineral

Gibbsite in bauxide

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Hematite use

Ore of iron
Pigment

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Calcite use

Cement
Microscopes

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Silver

Jewelry

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Sulfur use

Gunpowder, sulfadrugs

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Galena use

Ore of lead
Blocks x ray

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Copper use

Wiring

Diamond use

Jewelry Abrasive in saws

Graphite use

Pencil lead Lining Cruciblea

Dolomite use

Cement

Fluorite use

Toothpaste Steel making

Sylvite

Fertilizer

Magnetite

Hard drives

Cinnabar use

Ore of mercury

Gypsum use

Plaster

Barite use

Ore of lead Blocks x rays Drilling mud

Annydrite use

Plaster

Corundrum use

Gemstone abrasive

Pyrite use

Sulfuric acid production

Chalcopyrite

Ore of copper

Phalerite use

Ore of zinc

Garnet use

Abrasive for sandpaper

Limonite use

Pigment

Malachite use

Paint

Rutile use

Paint

Clay mineral use (low in…)

Electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity Insulators

Piezoelectricity example of mineral with this property and its use

Electric currents generated by stress applied Quartz Tell time

Eight most abundant elements in Earth's crust AND MANTLE

Oxygen (O), Silicon (Si), Aluminum (Al), Iron (Fe), Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg)

Elements that make up the earths crust AND mantle

Oxygen(O), silica (Si),

If you have a Fe 2O3 and Fe2 SiO4 which one will be easier to beneficiate the Iron (Fe) and why?

Majority of earth’s elements are found in greater quanitues in nonsilicates=extract Silicates are refractory: low solubility and high melt. point (hard to extract) Fe2O3-nonsilicate=beneficiate

Light silicates

feldsbar, muscovite, quartz, clay

# pot which feldspar group has striations?

plagioclase

Habit of quartz

hexagonal with pyramid tips

What's the calcium-rich feldspar like?

gray, blue-gray, black

What's the sodium-rich feldspar like?

light color pearly

Dark silicate minerals | elements in it

proxenees, ampiboles, olivine, biotite, garnets | iron + mg

How many directions of cleavage does augite have?

2 directions 90

how many directions of cleavage does olivine have??

none

what makes up the pyroxene group

augite

what makes up the amphibole group

hornblende

nonsilicates groups

sulfates, halides, carbonades, oxides, sulfides

a silicate mineral that originates as a product of chemical weathering

clay minerals

explanations for identical fossils in places separated thousands of kilometers of ocean

1. rafting, land bridges, island stepping stones,

rifting

1. tensional forces creaste fractures and upwelling of mantle and upwarping of lithosphere 2. thinning and stretching of lithosphere=crust breaks into large blocks which then sink to create a continentala rift valley 3. linear sea--> deep ocean basin with mid oceanic ridge

oceanic lithosphere components vs continental lithosphere

oceanic: basalt, iron and mg continental: granitic

rifitng of pangeao

creation of new ocean basin: Atlantic from north america and africa, atlantic opened up, separation of africa, india, antactica, asia and idia collided, baja separated from mexico

what were scientists using magnetometers floor what did vien and matthews fine

map variations in the stregth of earth's magnetici field Vine and Matthews fiund that the ocean floor is composed of hugh intensity and low intensity stripes of magnetism

density of mantle

4.5

density of core

10-13

how did we get crust

chemical differeientation where melting of buyant masses of motlen rock rose to surface that were rich in oxygen and some heavy metals | `

rock in upper most mantle

periodite

what do we euse today for bathymetry and what did we use, what did th eus navy use

Today: sonar past: echo sounders sidescan sonar but it waasn't bathymetry just shape pf floor