thermotherapy

Question 1

what are the different types of thermotherapy?

Answer 1

moist hot pack (hydrocollator) 
warm whirlpool
paraffin
fluidotherapy 
contrast bath 
heat lamps 
topical

Question 2

what are the 5 mechanisms of heat transfer?

Answer 2

conduction
convection
radiation
conversion
evaporation

Question 3

what type of therapy is direct contact with the skin and can be heat or cold?

Answer 3

conduction

Question 4

what are examples of conduction?

Answer 4

hydrocollator packs

paraffin bath

Question 5

what is convection?

Answer 5

air or water particles move across the body part causing heating or cooling

Question 6

what are examples of convection

Answer 6

whirlpool

fluidotherapy

Question 7

what is the transfer of heat from a warmer surface to a cooler surface through air or vacuum and what is an example?

Answer 7

radiation; heat lamps (infrared)

Question 8

what is heat generated from another energy form?

Answer 8

conversion

Question 9

what are examples of conversion?

Answer 9

ultrasound

diathermy

Question 10

what 2 things make deep heating difficult?

Answer 10

subcutaneous fat and skin pain

Question 11

what are 4 indications of thermotherapy?

Answer 11

pain relief- pain gating, counterirritation
calming/sedating effect
spasm reduction
increased mobility- osteoarthritis, RA

Question 12

what can be beneficial in the treatment of LBP?

Answer 12

long duration, low level heat

Question 13

what may reduce myofascial pain?

Answer 13

shorter duration moist heat

Question 14

what are the contraindications

Answer 14

areas of impaired heat sensation 
malignancy
thrombophlebitis
hemorrhage
pregnancy- ab, LB, pelvis 
acute inflammation
confused, unreliable patients

Question 15

what are hydrocollator packs made of?

Answer 15

canvas pouches containing silicate gel

Question 16

what is the appropriate temperature of the hydrocollator?

Answer 16

158-169 degrees farenheit

Question 17

how many layers of towels are needed with hydrocollator packs?

Answer 17

6-8 layers or 4 with terry cover

Question 18

how long should a hydrocollator pack be used for treatment?

Answer 18

20 minutes

Question 19

what is the appropriate temperature for a warm whirlpool?

Answer 19

86-100 degree farenheit

Question 20

what is the treatment time for the warm whirlpool?

Answer 20

10-45 minutes

Question 21

temperature of water for whirlpool must be ____ if the size of the body part is _____

Answer 21

lower; bigger

Question 22

additional contraindications for whirlpool?

Answer 22

incontinence
fever
MS
1st tri of pregnancy

Question 23

what is used for soaking the perianal/ anal area for pain or itching; hemorrhoids?

Answer 23

sitz bath; 72-100 degrees

Question 24

what is the ratio needed for the paraffin bath and what temperature is used?

Answer 24

6:1 paraffin/mineral oil

124-129 degrees F

Question 25

how many times do you dip with paraffin tx and what is the treatment time?

Answer 25

6-10 times dipping | 30 minute treatment time

Question 26

what is different about paraffin immersion vs paraffin dipping?

Answer 26

on the 10th time dipping leave the extremity in the bath for the remainder of the treatment

Question 27

what is a dry cellulose heated to 110-126 degrees F then blown around a chamber by fans?

Answer 27

fluidotherapy

Question 28

what is the treatment time for fluidotherapy?

Answer 28

30 minutes

Question 29

what is the treatment time for infrared lamp?

Answer 29

15-20 min

Question 30

the amount of heat needed for infrared lamp depends on:

Answer 30

length of time exposed distance from the bulb angle from perpendicular output of bulb

Question 31

the intensity varies with the inverse square of the distance between the bulb and skin, this is called?

Answer 31

inverse square law

Question 32

examples of inverse square law

Answer 32

change from 20cm to 10cm= 1/2 distance inverse of 1/2= 2 square of 2=4 therefore 4x more heat needed with 1/2 the perpendicular distance

Question 33

intensity of heat decreases with change from perpendicular, what law is this?

Answer 33

cosine law- rotate 30 degrees from perpendicular cosine of 30 degrees =86 therefore intensity of heat at 30 degree is 86% of original intensity

Question 34

when is a contrast bath used?

Answer 34

in the subacute phase

Question 35

what treatment is used to allow transition from cold modalities to warm modalities and isn't good for swelling?

Answer 35

contrast bath

Question 36

what is the time for contrast bath?

Answer 36

1-4 min for 1st 1-4 min for 2nd alternate for 20-30 min

Question 37

end with cold when needing _____ and end with hot when needing ______

Answer 37

vasoconstriction; vasodilation