Thermoregulation During Growth

Question 1

thermoregulation

Answer 1

goal: to prevent core body temperature from rising or falling excessively

Question 2

core

Answer 2

internal organs, muscles, deep in body

Question 3

periphery

Answer 3

skin and subcutaneous fat

Question 4

39 degrees celsius or higher core temp

Answer 4

producing heat quicker than losing

Question 5

36 degrees celsius or lower core temp

Answer 5

heat loss precedes heat production

Question 6

prevention of excessive build up of body heat

Answer 6

sweat and vasodilation (blood flow increases to surface)

Question 7

prevention of excessive body cooling

Answer 7

shivering and vasoconstriction (keeps blood deep)

Question 8

responses to heat associated with growth and maturation - sweating pattern

Answer 8

• increase sweat rate with age
• sweat per gland increases with age
• adults rely more on sweat to cool body

Question 9

responses to heat associated with growth and maturation - cardiovascular response

Answer 9

• young = more effective with cardiovascular response
• flow is highest in young, rely on cardiovascular response to cool individuals

Question 10

acclimatization

Answer 10

gradual physiological and perceptual changes that occur when heat and exercise exposures are performed in natural heat

Question 11

acclimation

Answer 11

same but in artificial heat (sauna)

Question 12

upon transition from a cool or temperate climate to a warmer climate..

Answer 12

reduction in physical performance occurs
- temporary
- repeated exercise in the new environment gradually improves physiological functions and physical performance (gradually improves physiological functions and physical performance)

Question 13

acclimatization in children

Answer 13

girls and boys in tropics show considerably higher sweating rate and lower body temps for a given physical task than age matched children who live in more temperate or cold climactic zones

Question 14

physiological affects on acclimatization

Answer 14

boys take longer to acclimatize than men

Question 15

mental affects on accliimatization

Answer 15

men have higher exertion than boys, boys don’t think they’re working too hard

Question 16

athletic implications

Answer 16

team travel, need to allow a longer time for acclimatization and possibly a lighter workout schedule during that time

Question 17

responses to cold

Answer 17

• in water: younger individuals get colder faster, older individuals are better at thermoregulation
• in air: boys thermoregulate better than adults

Question 18

boys have a more effective reduction of..

Answer 18

skin blood flow and greater cold-induced increase in metabolic rate than men

Question 19

aquatic sports implications

Answer 19

coaches need to pay special attention to young, small, lean, and ambitious athletes because their core temperatures may reach dangerously low levels

Question 20

land based sports implications

Answer 20

on cold days, special attention should be given to prevention of cold related damage to exposed skin