Thermodynamics Flashcards
Kinetic theory
The idea that consideration of the microscopic movements of the particles will predict the macroscopic behavior of a substance
Absolute zero
The theoretical temperature at which molecules will no longer be moving, all the kinetic energy has been removed
Absolute temperature
Any temperature scale that starts at absolute zero
Internal energy
The sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all the molecules within a given mass of a substance
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
A mathematical function that describes the distribution of energies amongst particles at a given temperature
Root-mean-square speed
The square root of the arithmetic mean value of the squares of the speeds of particles in an ideal gas
Specific heat capacity
The energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of a substance by 1K
Specific Latent
The energy to change the state of one kilogram of a substance at a constant temperature
Black body radiator
A theoretical object that completely absorbs all radiation that lands on it
Boyle’s Law
States that for a constant mass of gas at a constant temperature, the pressure exerted by the gas is inversely proportional to the volume it occupies
Charles’s law
States that for a constant mass of gas at a constant pressure, the volume occupied by the gas is proportional to its absolute temperature
Gay the sack
If you remember anything this year, just remember that.
(additional unimportant and comparatively irrelevant knowledge: he did the pressure law which states that pressure is proportional to temperature)
Ideal gas
A theoretical gas which does not suffer from real world difficulties that mean real gases do not perfectly follow the gas laws
Equation of state
The single equation that defines a gas in terms of its pressure, volume, temperature, and quantity: pV=NkT
