Thermodynamics

Question 1

The collision of atoms with a surface gives rise to _.

Answer 1

Pressure

Question 2

The kinetic energy of atoms is directly proportional to _.

Answer 2

Temperature

Question 3

Generally objects are bigger when they are _ because atoms are vibrating faster.

Answer 3

Hotter

Question 4

Number of atoms v. kinetic energy, then _ means colder.

Answer 4

Closer

Question 5

Objects transfer energy from hot to cold because of the conservation of _ (net heat transfer).

Answer 5

Momentum

Question 6

Molecules of hot objects tend to collide and transfer more _ because they are moving faster.

Answer 6

Energy

Question 7

When two objects have the same _, they are in thermal equilibrium and the net hear transfer between them is _ but there is still heat transfer.

Answer 7

Temperature, 0

Question 8

Energy must be transferred in order to be called _.

Answer 8

Heat

Question 9

_ _ is the sum of the energies of all of the molecules in a substance.

Answer 9

Internal energy

Question 10

_ is related to the average kinetic energy per molecule of a substance.

Answer 10

Temperature

Question 11

Two bodies that have the same temperature do not necessarily contain the same amount of _ _ because it depends on the amount of molecules moving around too.

Answer 11

Internal energy

Question 12

There can be two bodies with different _ that have the same internal energy.

Answer 12

Temperature

Question 13

Work per time

Answer 13

Power

Question 14

The three physical methods of heat transfer are _, _, and _.

Answer 14

Conduction, convection, and radiation

Question 15

_ is the physical transfer of atomic vibration energy from atom to atom.

Answer 15

Conduction

Question 16

Properties that affect heat transfer are _ _ (metals are higher), change in _, _ _ _, and _.

Answer 16

Thermal conductivity, temperature, cross sectional area, length

Question 17

_ is the transfer of thermal energy by fluid flow.

Answer 17

Convection

Question 18

When a fluid is _, it is less dense and will rise because it increases in size.

Answer 18

Hot

Question 19

_ is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.

Answer 19

Radiation

Question 20

Molecules move in _ random motion.

Answer 20

Continous

Question 21

There are _ _ of molecules in a container of gas.

Answer 21

A lot

Question 22

The _ between individual molecules is large.

Answer 22

Separation

Question 23

Molecules do not exert _ or _ forces on other molecules.

Answer 23

Electrical, gravitational

Question 24

All collisions between molecules are _ (no kinetic energy is lost).

Answer 24

Elastic

Question 25

U

Answer 25

(3/2)nRT

Question 26

KE=(1/2)mv^2

Answer 26

(3/2)kT

Question 27

For the same temperature, gasses of different _ will have the same average kinetic energies but different average _ (when mass decreases, velocity increases).

Answer 27

Masses, velocities

Question 28

Number of molecules v. speed, then more massive is _ but same temperature.

Answer 28

Closer

Question 29

N

Answer 29

n6.02x10^23

Question 30

P or V v. T the x-intercept is _ _.

Answer 30

Absolute zero

Question 31

If heat is added then Q is _.

Answer 31

Positive

Question 32

If temperature goes up then U is _.

Answer 32

Positive

Question 33

Work by is _.

Answer 33

Negative

Question 34

When volume _ work is done by a gas.

Answer 34

Increases

Question 35

A heat engine _ work.

Answer 35

Does

Question 36

Highest internal energy means highest _.

Answer 36

Temperature

Question 37

Every point that has the same PV has the same _.

Answer 37

Temperature

Question 38

Constant PV lines are _.

Answer 38

Hyperbolas

Question 39

Lower isothermals have lower _.

Answer 39

Temperatures

Question 40

Use change in V but not change in _.

Answer 40

P

Question 41

Area under the curve of a PV diagram is _.

Answer 41

Work

Question 42

Determine sign of Q with _.

Answer 42

U = Q + W

Question 43

In cycles, if start and stop at same point then T=_ so U=_.

Answer 43

0, 0

Question 44

Constant pressure is _.

Answer 44

Isobaric

Question 45

Constant volume is _ or _ (W=0).

Answer 45

Isochoric, isovolumetric

Question 46

Constant temperature is _ (U=0).

Answer 46

Isothermal

Question 47

No heat transfer between system and the environment is _ (Q=0).

Answer 47

Adiabatic

Question 48

Compare above or below _ to see if T and U are positive.

Answer 48

Isothermal

Question 49

More _ means are entropy.

Answer 49

Disorder

Question 50

The second law of thermodynamics is that the _ of a system cannot decrease unless work is done on the system.

Answer 50

Entropy

Question 51

The universe moves from _ to _.

Answer 51

Order, disorder

Question 52

If it is a container then _ is constant.

Answer 52

nR

Question 53

Always put calculations in _.

Answer 53

Kelvin

Question 54

If it says work _ then do opposite sign.

Answer 54

By

Question 55

Work _ is a heat engine.

Answer 55

By

Question 56

Work _ is a refrigerator.

Answer 56

On