Thermodynamics

Question 1

What is enthalpy

Answer 1

The heat content of a system at constant pressure

Question 2

What is temperature

Answer 2

A measure of the average kinetic energy of random motion of molecules, atoms or ions in a substance

Question 3

What is heat

Answer 3

A measure of the amount of energy transferred from an object of high temperature to an objective of low temperature, the total kinetic energy

Question 4

What is endothermic

Answer 4

System gains heat from the surroundings

Question 5

What is exothermic

Answer 5

System releases heat to the surroundings

Question 6

What is H in endothermic reactions

Answer 6

+

Question 7

What is H is exothermic reactions

Answer 7

-

Question 8

What is a state function

Answer 8

A property that depends on only the difference between the initial and final states rather than the way they were achieved, i.e. Change in H

Question 9

What is an open system

Answer 9

A system that permits the transfer of mass, work or energy between the system and surroundings

Question 10

What is a closed system

Answer 10

A system where energy can be transferred between the system and surroundings, but matter cannot

Question 11

What is an isolated system

Answer 11

A system where there is no transfer of energy or matter between the system and surroundings

Question 12

What is a system

Answer 12

The object under inspection

Question 13

What is the surroundings

Answer 13

Everything in the universe besides the system

Question 14

What is Kinetic Energy

Answer 14

Energy of motion, phases

Question 15

What is potential energy

Answer 15

Energy of position, phase changes

Question 16

What is the first law of thermodynamics

Answer 16

The law of conservation of energy,- energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it may only be transferred into another form

Question 17

What is the second law of thermodynamics

Answer 17

If a process is spontaneous in one direction, it cannot be spontaneous in the reverse direction

Question 18

What is heat capacity

Answer 18

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of an object by 1°C

Question 19

What is specific heat

Answer 19

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of an object by 1°C

Question 20

Is deposition, condensation, and freezing endo or exo

Answer 20

Exothermic

Question 21

If sublimation, melting, and boiling endo or exo

Answer 21

Endothermic

Question 22

Why is it good that water has a pretty high specific heat

Answer 22

The higher the specific heat, it takes more energy and heat transfer to have a significant change in temperature

Question 23

Would a substance with a very low specific heat require a lot, or a small amount of energy to produce a large change in temperature

Answer 23

Only a lil bit

Question 24

What is a catalyst

Answer 24

A substance added to a rxn to speed it up

Question 25

What values on a potential energy graph changes when a catalyst is added

Answer 25

Activation energy for the forward and reverse reactions, and the potential energy of the activated complex