Thermodynamics Flashcards
What is enthalpy
The heat content of a system at constant pressure
What is temperature
A measure of the average kinetic energy of random motion of molecules, atoms or ions in a substance
What is heat
A measure of the amount of energy transferred from an object of high temperature to an objective of low temperature, the total kinetic energy
What is endothermic
System gains heat from the surroundings
What is exothermic
System releases heat to the surroundings
What is H in endothermic reactions
+
What is H is exothermic reactions
-
What is a state function
A property that depends on only the difference between the initial and final states rather than the way they were achieved, i.e. Change in H
What is an open system
A system that permits the transfer of mass, work or energy between the system and surroundings
What is a closed system
A system where energy can be transferred between the system and surroundings, but matter cannot
What is an isolated system
A system where there is no transfer of energy or matter between the system and surroundings
What is a system
The object under inspection
What is the surroundings
Everything in the universe besides the system
What is Kinetic Energy
Energy of motion, phases
What is potential energy
Energy of position, phase changes
What is the first law of thermodynamics
The law of conservation of energy,- energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it may only be transferred into another form
What is the second law of thermodynamics
If a process is spontaneous in one direction, it cannot be spontaneous in the reverse direction
What is heat capacity
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of an object by 1°C
What is specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of an object by 1°C
Is deposition, condensation, and freezing endo or exo
Exothermic
If sublimation, melting, and boiling endo or exo
Endothermic
Why is it good that water has a pretty high specific heat
The higher the specific heat, it takes more energy and heat transfer to have a significant change in temperature
Would a substance with a very low specific heat require a lot, or a small amount of energy to produce a large change in temperature
Only a lil bit
What is a catalyst
A substance added to a rxn to speed it up
