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Chemistry > Solutions Terms > Flashcards

Solutions Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a homogeneous mixture

A

Two or more substances that are uniform throughout and dispersed at the ionic or molecular level

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2
Q

What is concentration measured in

A

Molarity or molality

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3
Q

What does [] stand for

A

Concentration

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4
Q

What is a solute

A

The part being dissolved

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5
Q

What is the solvent

A

The part that does the dissolving

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6
Q

What is the universal solvent

A

Water

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7
Q

What is suspension

A

A mixture that appears uniform while being stirred, but separates into different phases win agitation stops

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8
Q

What is a colloid

A

A mixture containing particles larger than most molecules but smaller than 200 nm; Big enough to see, but too small to grab

Pieces are held in place and not separable, but not really mixed, can be any mixture of phases

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9
Q

What is the Tyndall effect

A

The scattering of light rays by colloidal particles

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10
Q

What is solubility

A

The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a certain amount of solvent at a given temperature

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11
Q

If something dissolves is it soluble or insoluble

A

Soluble

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12
Q

If something does not dissolve is it soluble or insoluble

A

Insoluble

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13
Q

What does it mean if a liquid is miscible

A

Two liquids that will dissolve together

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14
Q

What does it mean if two liquids are immiscible

A

They will not dissolve, visible layers

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15
Q

Polar dissolves ______

A

Polar

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16
Q

Nonpolar dissolves ______

A

Nonpolar

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17
Q

What is an example of a concentrated solution

A

A large amount of salute is dissolved, 12 M HCl

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18
Q

What is an example of a dilute solution

A

A small amount of solute, with a large amount of solvent, 1 M HCl

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19
Q

What is a saturated solution

A

A solution that has dissolved in it all the solute you can normally hold, towel full of water

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20
Q

What is a unsaturated solution

A

A solution that contains less solute than it can hold at a certain temperature and pressure

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21
Q

What is a supersaturated solution

A

A solution that has more solute and then is present in there saturated solution, dropping towel

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22
Q

What is the rate of solution

A

A measure of how fast a substance dissolves

23
Q

What are the four factors that affect the rate of solution

A

The smaller the size of particles, the faster the rate

stirring increases the rate

The more amount of solvent already dissolved, the slower the rate

Temperature

24
Q

What is effervescence

A

The escape of a gas from a solution, alka seltzer

25
Q

Memorize the temperature curve

A

Aight okay

26
Q

What does Colligative mean

A

Depending on the collection; a solution that depends only on the quantity of solute particles, not the kind of identity of them

27
Q

Is the role of electrolytes

A

Conduct electric impulses in your body

28
Q

What are electrolytes

A

Ionic compounds that dissociate into their respective ions (+ and - parts) and interfere with the solvent particles

29
Q

What are nonelectrolytes

A

Molecular compounds that do not dissociate. They dissolve as a whole molecule

30
Q

What is an example of an electrolyte

A

CaCl2

Ca+ , Cl- , Cl-

i = 3

31
Q

What is an example of a nonelectrolyte

A

CH3OH

i = 1

32
Q

What is the “i” value called

A

Van’t Hoff Factor

33
Q

What is molarity

A

The number of moles of solute, divided by the number of liters of solvent

34
Q

What is molality

A

The number of moles of solute, divided by the number of kilograms of solvent

35
Q

What kind of electrolyte is HCl

A

A strong electrolytes

35
Q

What kind of electrolyte is distilled water

A

A nonelectrolyte

36
Q

What kind of electrolyte is tap water

A

A weak electrolyte

37
Q

What kind of electrolyte is sucrose in water

A

A nonelectrolyte

38
Q

What kind of electrolyte is acetic acid

A

A week electrolyte

39
Q

What kind of electrolyte is a NaCl

A

A strong electrolyte

40
Q

Is water polar or non polar

A

Polar

41
Q

What happens when you add more solute to an unsaturated solution

A

It dissolves

42
Q

What happenes when you add more solute to a saturated solution

A

Extra solute falls to the bottom

43
Q

What happenes when you add more solute to a super saturated solution

A

ALL extra solute falls to the bottom

44
Q

In solids, as temperature increases what does solubility do

A

Increase

45
Q

In gases, as temperature increases what does solubility do

A

Decreases

46
Q

In solids and liquids, as pressure increases what does solubility do

A

No effect

47
Q

In gases, as pressure increases what does solubility do

A

Increases

48
Q

Can stirring affect the saturation point

A

No, it only affects the rate

49
Q

What is dissociation

A

The dissolving into ions

50
Q

When adding ions into a solution what colligative properties change

A

Vapor pressure decreases, boiling point raises, freezing point decreases

51
Q

What is an emulsion

A

Colloid of 2 or more immiscible liquids

52
Q

What are some examples of emulsions

A

Mayonnaise, margarine, homogenized milk, paint

53
Q

If you spin milk at high velocities, what do you form

A

Colloid

Chemistry (10 decks)

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