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Area 3 > Thermodynamics > Flashcards

Thermodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

when two bodies have equality of temperature with a
third body, they in turn have equality of temperature with each
other.

A

Zeroth Law

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2
Q

Also known as the Conservation of Energy principle,
states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only change form

A

First law of thermodynamics

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3
Q

Deals with the quality of energy (energy
degradation). There are two classical statements of this law:

It is impossible to construct a device that will
operate in a cycle and produce no effect other than the raising of a
weight and the exchange of heat with a single reservoir.

: It is impossible to construct a device that operates
in a cycle and produces no effect other than the transfer of heat from a
cooler-body to a hot

A

Second law of thermodynamics

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4
Q

It is impossible to construct a device that will
operate in a cycle and produce no effect other than the raising of a
weight and the exchange of heat with a single reservoir.

A

Kelvin Planck Statement

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5
Q

It is impossible to construct a device that operates
in a cycle and produces no effect other than the transfer of heat from a
cooler-body to a hot

A

• Clausius statement

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6
Q

states that the entropy of a perfect crystal is zero at
the absolute zero of temperature.

A

Third law of thermodynamics

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7
Q

the
science that deals with the study of energy and
entropy;

A

Thermodynamics

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8
Q

it
deals
with
the
properties
of
matter/substance related to heat and work;

A

Thermodynamics

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9
Q

it deals
with processes and cycles on the transformation of
energy of all kinds, from one form to another.

A

Thermodynamics

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10
Q

deals with processes of cooling; it deals
with the processes and cycles of different methods of
refrigeration;

A

Refrigeration

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11
Q

condition of a substance as
described by certain observable macroscopic
parameter called Properties

A

State of Substance

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12
Q

quantity of matter that is homogeneous

throughout(solid, liquid, gas)

A

Phase-

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13
Q

Solid to Liquid

A

Melting

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14
Q

Liquid to Solid

A

Solidification (Freezing)

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15
Q

Liquid to Gas

A

Evaporation

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16
Q

Gas to liquid

A

Condensation

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17
Q

Solid to Gas

A

Sublimation

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18
Q

Gas to Solid

A

Deposition

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19
Q

Simply the change of state

A

Process

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20
Q

constant temperature.

A

Isothermal

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21
Q

constant pressure

A

Isobaric

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22
Q

constant volume

A

Isometric/isovolumetric

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23
Q

constant entropy

A

Isentropic

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24
Q

constant enthalpy

A

Isenthalpic

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25
Q

PV^n = C

A

Polytropic

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26
Q

a series of processes one after the other such

that the initial and final states are the same.

A

Cycle

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27
Q

Measures of the degree of hotness or coldness of a body

A

Temperature

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28
Q

If the temperature of a given quantity of gas is held
constant, the volume of the gas varies inversely
with the absolute pressure during a change of
state.

A

Boyle’s Law

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29
Q

Specific gravity is always _____ to rate of density

A

Equal

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30
Q

If the pressure on a particular quantity of gas is
held constant, then, with any change of state, the
volume
will
vary
directly
as
the
absolute
temperature.

A

Charle’s Law

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31
Q

If the volume of a particular quantity of gas is held
constant, then, with any change of state, the
pressure will vary directly as the absolute
temperature.

A

Gay-Lussac’s Law

32
Q

the change of internal energy

of an ideal gas is a function of only the temperature
change.

A

Joule’s law

33
Q

Thermodynamics cycle used in vapor power plants

A

Rankine

34
Q

Kinetic energy is the energy of the body due to its:

A

Motion

35
Q

The state of a pure substance is defined completely if
we define

A

two independent intensive

properties

36
Q

An isentropic process is used to approximate an actual
process. For such a process

A

the heat transfer is zero

37
Q

The amount of transferred heat required to change
the temperature of unit weight of substance at one degree unit of temperature.

A

Specific heat

38
Q

A gas turbine works on the principle of

A

Brayton Cycle

39
Q

The absolute zero temperature in Celsius scale.

A

-273

40
Q

Torque is a force that tend to produce

A

Rotation

41
Q

The process that has no heat transfer

A

Isentropic/Adiabatic

42
Q

The boiling point
of water
in an
open
container
at sea
level is 100
o
C. If the
pressure
on
the open
container
is
decreased such as going up to the top of a mountain,
the boiling point will be

A

Decreased

43
Q

A rigid container is heated by the sun. There is no shaft
work associated with the container. From the first law
of thermodynamics. You determine the heat added to
be

A

equal to the change in internal

energy

44
Q

A device used to keep moisture from passing through
the system

A

dehydrator

45
Q

An adiabatic process is characterized by which of the
following?

A

heat transfer is zero

46
Q

As heat is removed from a substance it gets colder.
When no more heat can be removed and the
temperature cannot be lowered any further, we
have reached

A

absolute zero

47
Q

A 100% efficient pump can draw a suction of.

A

34 ft H2O

  1. 7 Psi
  2. 92 in Hg
48
Q

• If the temperature of the medium is 0 C, what will
be the temperature if it is doubled?

A

273 C

49
Q

• A closed system experiences a reversible process
where heat rejection is the only energy transferred.
The entropy change must be

A

negative

50
Q

If a centrifugal pump tends to vibrate, it might be
caused by:

A

misalignment
worn bearings
clogged or damaged impeller

51
Q

A manometer measures:

A

Pressure

52
Q

A pump is used to increase the pressure of the water
entering the boiler of steam power cycle. Which
statement is true concerning the pump?

A

The enthalpy of water leaving the pump is higher than the
enthalpy of water entering

53
Q

• A pyrometer measures:

A

Temperature

54
Q

The steam power cycle is modeled by ideal cycle

known as the:

A

Rankine

55
Q

• An open system first law should be utilized for

A

turbine
. pump

boiler

56
Q

An inventor claims to have built an engine which will
revolutionize the automotive industry. Which of the
following should be the best test to determine if the
inventors claim is true?

A

Second law of thermodynamics

57
Q

In an ideal cycle, liquid leaves the condenser and is
expanded in such a manner that the enthalpy of the liquid is
equal to the enthalpy of the resulting saturated mixture.
This type of expansion is known as:

A

throttling process

58
Q

• A type of process where the pressure remains

constant

A

Isobaric

59
Q

A type of process where the temperature remains

constant

A

Isothermal

60
Q

• A type of process where the volume remains constant

A

Isometric / isovolumetric

61
Q

Transformation of energy from one form to another

A

Thermodynamics

62
Q

Father of thermodynamics

A

Nicolas Leonardo Sadi Carnot

63
Q

Properties that are independent of the size (mass) of a system, such as temperature, pressure and density

A

Intensive Properties

64
Q

Values that are dependent on size of the system such as mass, volume and total energy

A

Extensive Properties

65
Q

The measure of the amount of material present in the body

A

Mass

66
Q

The force exerted by that body when its mass is accelerated in a gravitational field

A

Weight

67
Q

The ratio of total mass and total volume or the mass per unit volume

A

Density

68
Q

Reciprocal of specific volume

A

Density

69
Q

Ratio of total volume and total mass or the volume per unit mass of the substance

A

Specific volume

70
Q

The Force of gravity on unit volume

A

Specific Weight

71
Q

Measure of relative density of a substance as compared to the density of water at a standard temperature for liquid density of air for gases

A

Specific gravity

72
Q

It is dimensionless property whose values for liquid varies with temperature

A

Specific Gravity

73
Q

A measure of the molecular activity of a substance or the internal energy of a hody

A

Temperature

74
Q

Refers to temperature measured from absolute zero

A

Absolute temperature

75
Q

Molecular state where there is no molecular mostion of individual atoms

A

Absolute zero temperature

Area 3 (7 decks)

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