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Chemistry > Thermochemistry > Flashcards

Thermochemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Thermochemistry

A

The study of the transfer of energy as heat occurring during a reaction

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2
Q

Heat

A

Energy transfer between two systems in contact because of a difference in temperature

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3
Q

Entropy

A

Measure of the dispersal of matter and energy (disorder)

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4
Q

Enthalpy

A

Heat exchange between two systems in contact

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5
Q

Endothermic

A

Heat absorbed or added by the system

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6
Q

Exothermic

A

Heat released or subtracted by the system

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7
Q

Law of Conservation of Energy

A

Energy is neither created nor destroyed

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8
Q

Potential Energy

A

Energy stored in the bonds of a particle

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9
Q

Temperature

A

Measure of the average kinetic energy of a sample

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10
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

Energy of motion of particles, depending on mass and velocity

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11
Q

Calorimeter

A

Apparatus for measuring the amount of heat involved in a chemical reaction

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12
Q

Specific Heat Capacity

A

The quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature per unit mass

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13
Q

System

A

Area of the universe we are focused on in a reaction

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14
Q

Surroundings

A

Everything else/outside the reaction

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15
Q

Calorie

A

The amount of energy needed to warm 1 gram of water by 1°C

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16
Q

Energy

A

Ability to do work or produce heat

17
Q

Solid to liquid

A

Increase in disorder (positive change in S)

18
Q

Gas to solid

A

Decrease in disorder (negative change in S)

19
Q

Calculating Heat/Specific Heat

A

q=mc∆t

20
Q

Energy Diagram

A

A diagram that shows the amount of energy vs. reaction progress

21
Q

Activated Complex/Transition Stage

A

State where old bonds are breaking and new bonds are forming

22
Q

Activation Energy

A

Minimum amount of energy that reactants must have to form the activated complex and lead to a reaction

23
Q

Activation Energy on Energy Diagram

A

Distance from reactants to the activated complex

24
Q

Collision Theory

A
  1. Reactants must collide
  2. Reactants must have correct orientation
  3. Reactants must collide with enough energy to form an activated complex
25
Q

Catalyst

A

Speeds up the reaction rate by lowering the amount of activation energy needed

26
Q

Heat of Reaction

A

Heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction

27
Q

Properties of Endothermic Reactions

A
  • Absorb heat
  • Products have more energy than reactants
  • +∆H
  • Heat is a reactant
28
Q

Properties of Exothermic Reactions

A
  • Release heat
  • Products have less energy than reactants
  • -∆H
  • Heat is a product

Chemistry (3 decks)

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