Periodic Law & Periodic Trends

Question 1

Proton/Electron Ratio

Answer 1

More protons = Stronger attractive force

Question 2

Distance of Electrons from Protons

Answer 2

Closet to nucleus = Stronger pull

Question 3

Electron Shielding

Answer 3

Completed energy levels shield outer electrons

Question 4

Electron/Electron Repulsion

Answer 4

More electrons = Increased push away from each other

Question 5

Atomic Radius/Atomic Size

Answer 5

Distance from nucleus to edge of electron cloud

Question 6

How to Measure Atomic Radius

Answer 6

Distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms beside each other divided by 2

Question 7

Atomic size generally ____ as you move down a group because you add ____.

Answer 7

Atomic size generally increases as you move down a group because you add energy levels.

Question 8

Atomic size generally ____ as you move across a period because you add ____.

Answer 8

Atomic size generally decreases as you move across a period because you add protons.

Question 9

Ionic Radius: If you lose electrons, the ion gets ____.

Answer 9

Ionic Radius: If you lose electrons, the ion gets smaller.

Question 10

Ionic Radius: If you gain electrons, the ion gets ____.

Answer 10

If you gain electrons, the ion gets larger.

Question 11

Ionization Energy (IE)

Answer 11

Energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom.

Question 12

Electronegativity (EN)

Answer 12

Tendency for atoms of an element to attract electrons when they are chemically combined with another element.

Question 13

Ionization energy ____ as you move down a group.

Answer 13

Ionization energy decreases as you move down a group.

Question 14

Ionization energy ____ as you move across a period.

Answer 14

Ionization energy increases as you move across a period.

Question 15

Electronegativity ____ as you move down a group.

Answer 15

Electronegativity decreases as you move down a group.

Question 16

Electronegativity ____ as you move across a period.

Answer 16

Electronegativity increases as you move across a period.

Question 17

Malleable

Answer 17

Easily bent into different shapes

Question 18

Ductile

Answer 18

Able to be made into a thin wire

Question 19

Conducts electricity

Answer 19

Can carry currents

Question 20

Lustrous

Answer 20

Shiny

Question 21

Properties of metal

Answer 21

Malleable, ductile, conductive, lustrous

Question 22

s-block

Answer 22

First two columns of the periodic table plus Helium (1 & 2A)

Question 23

p-block

Answer 23

Last six columns of the period table minus Helium (3-8A)

Question 24

d-block

Answer 24

Middle ten columns of the periodic table (3-12B)

Question 25

Halogens

Answer 25

Group 7A elements; they have 7 valence electrons

Question 26

3 ways elements within a group are similar

Answer 26

Number of valence electrons, similar chemical properties, and oxidation number

Question 27

Mendeleev’s periodic table was arranged by ____

Answer 27

Atomic mass

Question 28

Mosely’s periodic table is the ____ periodic table and is arranged by ____

Answer 28

Mosely’s periodic table is the modern periodic table and is arranged by atomic number

Question 29

Elements within a period have the same ____

Answer 29

Elements within a period have the same number of energy levels.

Question 30

Cations

Answer 30

Ions with a positive charge that have lost an electron

Question 31

Anions

Answer 31

Ions with a negative charge that have gained an electron