Thermal Trauma

Question 1

What makes up the integumentary system

Answer 1

Keratinized and unkeratinized tissue

Question 2

Give example of keratinized tissue

Answer 2

skin

Question 3

give examples of unkeratinized tissue

Answer 3

mucous membranes of GI tract, vagina, bladder, etc.

Question 4

Give examples of appendages to the skin

Answer 4

hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands

Question 5

What are he 3 primary functions of the skin?

Answer 5

Barrier to pathogens
Heat regulation
Water distribution/movement

Question 6

What are the 3 multilayered divisions of the skin?

Answer 6

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis (subcutis)

Question 7

What are the 5 layers, from superficial to deep, of the epidermis?

Answer 7

stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale

Question 8

What are the two main functions of the epidermis?

Answer 8

Protection against pathogens
Regulation of water movement

Question 9

What are the three layers of the dermis?

Answer 9

Papillary dermis
reticular dermis
hypodermis

Question 10

What is the function of the dermis?

Answer 10

Cushions and protects body

Question 11

Describe the papillary dermis

Answer 11

Loos connective tissue
highly vascular

Question 12

Describe the contents of the reticular dermis

Answer 12

Vascular
Elastin and collagen fibers
Immune cells
Nerve endings
Lymphatics

Question 13

Describe the contents of the hypodermis

Answer 13

connective tissue
subcutaneous fat

Question 14

What are the three main functions of the hypodermis?

Answer 14

Protection and cushioning
Heat regulation
Connection to the muscle, bone deep to the skin

Question 15

Define a burn.

Answer 15

Any injury caused by the application of heat, electricity, chemical, radiation, gases, etc.

Question 16

What are the two methods of classifying burns?

Answer 16

Severity and agent

Question 17

What are burns the cause of?

Answer 17

Morbidity and mortality

Question 18

What is erythema?

Answer 18

Redness of skin or mucous membranes due to increased blood flow.

Question 19

What factors can cause erythema?

Answer 19

Heat
Infection
Chemical reaction

Question 20

What is edema?

Answer 20

Swelling caused by loss of fluid from small blood vessels into tissues

Question 21

What is a condition related to edema?

Answer 21

Hyperemia

Question 22

What is hyperemia?

Answer 22

An excess of blood and fluid in vessels supplying an organ or tissue

Question 23

What is a blister?

Answer 23

Fluid filled sac between epidermis and dermis
Response to heat, friction or some types of blunt trauma (pinching)

Question 24

What are the 6 categories of burns by agent?

Answer 24

Flame
Contact
Radiant
Scalding
Microwave
Chemical

Question 25

What is a flame burn?

Answer 25

Skin in direct contact with flame

Question 26

What is a contact burn?

Answer 26

Skin in direct contact with a hot surface

Question 27

What is a radiant burn?

Answer 27

Skin exposure to heat wave (no direct contact)

Question 28

What is a scalding burn?

Answer 28

Skin exposure to a hot liquid

Question 29

What is a microwave burn?

Answer 29

Skin contact with electromagnetic waves

Question 30

What is a chemical burn?

Answer 30

Skin contact with caustic chemical agents

Question 31

What are the classifications of burns by severity?

Answer 31

1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th degree

Question 32

What layer of the skin is impacted by a first degree burn?

Answer 32

Superficial epidermis

Question 33

What can first degree burns cause?

Answer 33

Erythema and edema

Question 34

Are 1st degree burns painful? Why/why not?

Answer 34

Yes - sensory neurons still intact

Question 35

Do first degree burns cause scars?

Answer 35

No

Question 36

What layers of the skin are impacted by second degree burns?

Answer 36

Epidermis and dermis

Question 37

What can second degree burns cause?

Answer 37

Blisters

Question 38

Are second degree burns painful?

Answer 38

Yes

Question 39

Do second degree burns cause scars?

Answer 39

No

Question 40

What is another name for a second degree burn?

Answer 40

Partial thickness burn

Question 41

What is another term for third degree burn?

Answer 41

Full thickness burn

Question 42

What three things do third degree burns cause?

Answer 42

Burned area white Loss of sensation Severe scarring

Question 43

What is another term for fourth degree burns?

Answer 43

Charring

Question 44

What are the three possible consequences of fourth degree burns?

Answer 44

Incineration of tissues Complete destruction of epidermis, dermis, subQ tissue Can include bone

Question 45

What factors effect the severity of burns?

Answer 45

Intensity Duration Underlying conditions Presence and type of clothing

Question 46

How can intensity effect the severity of burns?

Answer 46

Higher temp = more damage

Question 47

How are burns impacted by duration?

Answer 47

Longer duration = more damage

Question 48

How are burns impacted by clothing?

Answer 48

Can protect or adhere and burn

Question 49

What factors impact the survivability of burns?

Answer 49

Age Degree of burn Percentage of body surface