Thermal Flashcards
Thermal equilibrium
When two objects are at the same temperature so there is no transfer of energy
Temperature
Property that determines the direction of thermal energy transfer between objects. Measure of average random kinetic energy of the particles of a substance
Internal energy of a substance
Total energy between potential and kinetic energy
Thermal energy
Energy transferred between two substances in thermal contact due to a temperature difference
Mole
the substance that contains the same number of atoms as 0.012 kg of carbon
Molar mass
The mass of one mole of a substance
Thermal capacity
Energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 K or degree
Specific heat capacity
Energy required per unit mass to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 K or degree
Boiling
A phase change of a liquid to a gas that occurs at a fixed temperature
Evaporation
When faster-moving molecules have enough energy to escape from the surface of a liquid, at less than it boiling point.
Pressure (P)
Force per unit area on a surface
Ideal gas
A gas that follows the ideal gas equation, PV=nRT. An Ideal gas cannot be liquified
Real gas
Does not follow the ideal gas equation. A real gas can approximate an ideal gas in some circumstances
Absolute zero of temperature
The temperature at which a gas would exert no pressure, 0 K, -273 degrees
First law of thermodynamics
The thermal energy transferred to a system from its surroundings is equal to the work done by the system and the change in internal energy
