Therapy for Phonological Delay, Phonological Disorders, Articulation Disorders Flashcards
What is the goal of a whole language approach to phonological delay? What does the whole language approach focus on?
To expand and reorganize the neural network to refine phonological representations and motor skills. Tasks are designed to be naturalistic and child-directed, and consider the discourse structure, semantic and syntactic elements, as well as phonology and motor speech
What tasks should the SLP select?
Select tasks within the session that move the child from “not producing” → “spontaneously producing” for syntactic and phonological targets, gradually reducing the level of support
Design a therapy activity using a whole language approach to target fronting
Select a semantic theme, e.g. animals – cat, koala, kangaroo, cow, crab, goat, goose, gorilla, guinea pig.
Use toys rather than pictures.
Use the target in your feedback “I really like it how you said ____”
Use recasts and models when the child gets the target wrong
Explain the purpose of phonological contrast therapy
The child’s error is contrasted with the target sound using a pair of words that differ by only one sound, to demonstrate to the child the semantic consequences of inaccurate production
When is minimal pair therapy suitable?
When clear error patterns are evident (i.e. the child has a consistent disorder affecting their cognitive organisation of sounds). Should not be used for children who have an articulation disorder
What will therapy look like for a child with an articulation disorder?
Use visual cues of how to make the sounds (e.g. model mouth)
Use a mirror and show the child how they should be shaping their mouth
Cued artic/PROMPT
Give the child facial expressions to associate with each sound, e.g. s = smile
What type of therapy is useful for articulation intervention?
Van Riper therapy
Describe Van Riper therapy. What kind of therapy is this? When is the child deemed successful?
Start with single sounds (using direct instruction, mirror, facial expressions etc.)
Then move on the CV, CVC, word final etc.
Then use sound in phrases.
This is an example of vertical therapy – where a single sound is chosen and targeted until the child reaches a predetermined criterion of mastery (e.g. 90% correct in isolation)
Where do children with consistent phonological disorders have the greatest difficulties?
Linguistic rule abstraction and cognitive flexibility. Therefore some therapy focuses on cognitive flexibility and developing patterns that aren’t necessarily speech-based (could be syntactic – e.g. all boys have “he”)
Describe maximal opposition
Instead of contrasting the target sound with the child’s error, an independent sound is used that is maximally different in place, voice, and manner to the target sound. Thought to create system-wide change for children who have a consistent error (i.e. stopping ALL fricatives)
What is multiple opposition therapy? When should it be used?
Multiple opposition therapy contrasts the child’s error with several other sounds.
It should be used with children with severe phonological disorders, who substitute several consonants for one sound (i.e. a phoneme collapse)
