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Intro to Physical Therapy Lec > Therapeutic Massage (week 13) NOT DONE YET > Flashcards

Therapeutic Massage (week 13) NOT DONE YET Flashcards

1
Q

What is the reflexive effects of massage?

A

-Pain Reduction

-Release of Endogenous opiates

-Increased Lymphatic blood flow

-Increased local metabolism

Autonomic nervous system phenomenon
- Causes sedation, relieves tension, increases blood flow

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2
Q

What is Reflexive effects?

A

Effects on sensory and motor nerves locally and some central nervous system response

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3
Q

What is “Mechanical effects”

A

Mechanical or histologic changes in the myofascial structures through direct force applied superficially

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4
Q

What are the mechanical benefits of massage

A

-stretching of intramuscular connective tissue
-Reduction of pain and discomfort associated with myofascial trigger points
-Increase blood flow to skeletal muscle and -increase venous return
-Decrease in neuromuscular excitability

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5
Q

What are the psychological effects of massage

A
  • A general sedative effect can be most beneficial for the patient

-Massage has been shown to lower psycho-emotional and somatic arousal such as tension and anxiety

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6
Q

What are the selected methods of manual therapy techniques ?

A

Acupressure

Lymphatic massage

Myofascial release

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7
Q

What is acupressure

A

Pressure that is applied along acupuncture meridians, altering the bodys energy pattern

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8
Q

What is lymphatic massage

A

Targeting the lymphatic system, it attempts to remove
Edema
Waste Products
Toxins
from the body using light, rhythmic strokes

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9
Q

What is myofascial release

A

It breaks the adhesions and other restrictions in the bodys fascial network to restore normal function

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10
Q

What are the indications of therapeutic massage

A

Chronic pathophysiological states
Later stages of healing soft tissues

Adherent, shortened scar and connective tissue
Pain

Edema
Muscle Spasm

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11
Q

What are the contraindications of therapeutic massage

A

-Open wound
-Thrombophlebitis
-Hemorrhage
-Active bacterial fungal infection
-Sites where fractures have failed to heal
-Febrile conditions
-acute inflammation
-active malignancy
-over a foreign body
-infection causing lymphangitis
-phlebitis or hematoma
-varicose veins
-arteriosclerosis
-cellulitis
-abscess

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12
Q

What are the precautions when doing therapeutic massage

A

-Area of sensory deficit
-Acute sprains or strains (avoid deep pressure)
-Massage may increase inflammatory response when used early in the acute or subacute stage of the injury response cycle
-Use decreased pressure when applying massage over areas having decreased sensation
-Don’t use massage for swelling caused by cardiovascular insufficiency, kidney or liver disease or pleural effusion

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13
Q

What equipment are needed for therapeutic massage

A
  • Table that is easily accessible from both sides and of appropriate height

-Lubricant (oil, powder, lotion)

-Alcohol

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14
Q

It is best to use oil when..

A

1) The clincian or patients skin is too dry

2) A cast has recently been removed

3) Scar tissue is present

4) There is excess hair

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15
Q

What are the indications of massage with lubrication

A

-Reduces friction
-Fragile skin
-Hairy skin
-Perspiration can be absorbed (powder)
-Gliding effect is enhanced

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16
Q

What are some indications of massage without lubrication

A

-Allergic reaction
-Friction Massage
-Massage can be more stimulating

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17
Q

What is Effleurage

A

A massage technique of

-Unbroken gliding movements that are repeated applied to the patient with the hand or forearm

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18
Q

What is Effleurage used to do?

A

-Apply lubricant
-Begin/End a massage
-Assess and explore a surface and underlying tissues
-Prepare tissue for deeper massage
-A transition stroke to use between other strokes

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19
Q

What are the indications to use Effleurage

A

-Muscle strains
Shingling technique is recommended for large muscles
Improve circulation
Prior to or following competition in conjunction with sports massage techniques

20
Q

How do you apply Effleurage

A

-Push tissue downward and away from you

-Extremities: Apply pressure centripetally

-Once excursion is complete, drag hands back with no added pressure

21
Q

What are the variations of Effleurage

A

One-handed (small areas)

-Two handed (used simultaneously)

Alternate hand (One hand or thumb follows behind in succession)

22
Q

How do you define Pertissage

A

Cycle of rhythmic lifting, squeezing, and releasing of tissue parallel to the muscle fiber

Typically follows EFFLEURAGE

23
Q

What is Pertissage used to do ?

A
  • Draw new blood and oxygen
  • Stretches tissues

-Softens superficial fascia

24
Q

What are the indications for Pertissage

A

-Injuries in the late stages of healing/chronic conditions

-Areas having multiple muscles

-Superficial muscles

25
Q

How do you describe the petrissage technique

A

-Grasp and lift the skin and the underlying muscle and firmly knead, wring or squeeze

-Should raise the muscle from its usual position

26
Q

What are the variations for Pertissage

A

-One-handed

-Two handed (ocean waves)

-Alternate hand

-Skin Rolling (no downward force is used)

27
Q

What is the Friction massage used to do

A

-Increase circulation

-Decrease muscle spasm

-Promote proper scar formation

-Break down adhesions

-Reduce trigger points

28
Q

What technique is involved with Friction

A
  • Done without lubricant

-Circular or linear technique

-Moving the skin across tissue layers beneath the skin

29
Q

What are the variations of Friction massage

A

-Rolling friction

-Wringing friction

-Cross-fiber

30
Q

What is rolling friction

A

-Used for the extremities

-The tissues are compressed with open palms with compression of the tissue occurring simultaneously with the sliding of hands from DISTAL to proximal

31
Q

What is Wringing friction

A

-BEST used for extremities

-While hands are moving in the opposing directions distal to proximal, the tissue is compressed with the palms of the hands and fingers

32
Q

What is cross-fiber friction

A

AKA Deep Transverse Friction

Used to address Tendinous or ligamentous adhesions or fibrosis
- Reduction of trigger points

-Fingers are moved in a back and forth motion with direction perpendicular to the muscle fiber

33
Q

What are some things to remember about Friction massage?

A
  • To reduce soreness, follow by ice or ice massage

-Avoided in acute injuries

-Can be performed by patient as part of a home treatment program

34
Q

What is Tapotement

A

AKA Percussion

  • The repetitive striking movements of the hand
35
Q

What is Tapotement used to do ?

A

-Aid in decongesting the lungs

-Relieve pain

36
Q

What is the technique for percussion?

A

To begin with light pressure and moderate strike speed, gradually increasing speed, and finally diminish speed and depth

The stroke should be rhythmic, allowing hands to spring back

37
Q

What are the variations for tapotement

A

-Tapping

-Hacking

-Cupping

-Pounding

-Clapping

38
Q

What is Vibration

A

The rapid shaking, trembling or rocking mvmts applied with fingertips, full hand or an appliance

(the hands do not break in contact with the patients skin)

39
Q

Vibration is used to

A

Enhance general relaxation

increase circulation

loosen and mobilize phlegm

40
Q

What are the variations of Vibration

A

Fine vibration

Rocking vibration

41
Q

What is a Myofascial release

A

Group of techniques used for relieving soft tissue from the abnormal grip of tight fascia

42
Q

Where is myofascial release focused?

A

Large treatment areas

whereas joint mobilization focuses on a specific joint

43
Q

What are the indications of myofascial release

A

-Treatment of chronic soft tissue malalignment including chronic neck/back pain and scar tissue adhesions

44
Q

What are the treatment considerations for Myofascial release

A

Protecting the hands

Use of lubricant

Patient position

45
Q
A

Intro to Physical Therapy Lec (6 decks)

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