Therapeutic Exercises Flashcards
Goal of Therapeutic Exercise
-how do you reach that goal?
Optimal level of symptom free movement during basic to complex physical activities
HOW?
- know basic principles & anatomy/biomechanics
- state of injury, surgical procedure, rate of recovery, precautions/contraindications
- follow optimal stimulus of regeneration (bone, cartilage & collagen)
Components of Ther Ex
- Activity (A) - good posture
- Technique (T) - types of muscle contractions (isometric, conc/ecc, etc)
- Elements (E) - sensory input used either to facilitate or inhibit a response
Strength
-defn & dosage
ability of muscle (or group) to perform a resultant MAX effort, dynamically or statically due to demands placed upon it
Dosage = 3-6 sets, 4-8 reps w/ 1-2min of rest
MMT not a true test of strength
Functional Strength
ability of neuromuscular system to produce, reduce, or control forces during functional activities in a smooth & coordinated matter
Power
- how to attain it?
- dosage
strength is the building block for power
Power is attained by: increasing workload in specific time OR reduce the time taken to generate the force
Dosage = 2-4 sets, 3-6 reps, 2-5 min of rest
Agility
-combo of?
advanced skill that combines & is built on flexibility, strength & power (FIRST), followed by coordination & balance
Coordination
ability to use the right muscles at the right time & perform smooth, accurate & controlled movements
Endurance
-defn & dosage
building block for strength
Ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly against a resistance & sustain tension & resist fatigue over an extended period of time
Dosage = 2-3 sets, >15 reps, very short rest periods
Proprioception
-defn
body’s ability to transmit position sense, interpret info & respond consciously or sub-consciously to stimulation through appropriate execution of posture & movement
Critical to perform a task w/ accuracy, precision & consistency
Factors that Affect Muscle Performance
- Muscle diameter (hypertrophy vs. hyperplasia)
- Length-tension relationship
- Recruitment of motor units
- Type of contraction
- Fiber type distribution
- Energy stores & blood supply
- Speed of contraction (conc –> slower = greater torques)
- Motivation of the patient
Overload Principle
progressive loading by manipulating intensity OR volume
i.e. strength - increase amount of resistance gradually; endurance - increase reps
SAID Principle
Specific Adaptations to Imposed Demands
body adapts to the stresses placed on them over time; so should include VARIETY w/ training program
DAPRE
Daily Adjustable Progressive Resistive Exercise
Based on 6RM - adjusted working weight is based on the max number of reps possible in set 3
–> this determines the weight for the next session
Progressive Resistance Training (PRE)
- Oxford vs. Delorme
Oxford - Regressive loading; diminishes resistance as the muscle fatigues
Delorme - Progressive loading; increases resistance as you go from set 1 to set 3
Risk Classification for Exercise Training & Vital sign monitoring
Class A - nonelderly w/ no symp or RF
- Vital @ rest during initial exam
Class A1 - elderly w/ less than 2 RF
- Vital @ rest & during exercise on initial exam only
Class A2 - elderly w/ more than 2 RF
- Vital @ rest & during ex. on initial exam & consider periodic monitoring
Class B - known CV disease but stable w/ appropriate vital sign response to activity
- Vital @ rest & exercise until safety established & when intensity is increased
Class C - known CV w/ abnormal response to exercise
- Vital @ rest & during exercise for throughout duration of treatment
Class D - unstable condition w/ arrhythmias, ischemia, CV failure, etc
- exercise is not recommended
