THERAPEUTIC DIET Flashcards
- system of food intake
- usual foods and drinks regularly consumed
- foods prescribed, regulated, or restricted in kind and amount for therapeutic or other purposes
DIET THERAPY
treatment of physical, mental, or behavioral problems that is meant to cure or REHBILITATE somebody
THERAPY
OBJECTIVES OF DIET THERAPY
- To maintain or restore good nutritional status
- To correct nutritional deficiencies in which may have occurred
- To afford rest to a particular organ, or to the whole body which may be affected
- To adjust the diet according to the patient’s tolerance and the ability of the body to metabolize nutrients.
TYPES OF DIET
General Diets
Diets Modified in Consistency
Diets Modified in Composition
NORMAL DIET planned to provide the recommended daily allowances for essential nutrients
GENERAL DIETS
designed to MEET THE CALORIC NEEDS for a BEDRIDDEN patient whose condition does not require any dietary modification
GENERAL DIETS
a REGULAR DIET altered to meet SPECIFIC BODY REQUIREMENTS UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITION OF HEALTH OR DISEASE
DIET MODIFIED IN CONSISTENCY
customized the LEVEL OF THICKNESS OR SMOOTHNESS OF A FOOD
DIETS MODIFIED IN CONSISTENCY
These diets are used in the treatment of GATROINTESTINAL TRACT. They can be from a very low residue diet to a very high fiber diet.
DIETS MODIFIED IN CONSISTENCY
Method of feeding is by mouth, unless otherwise indicated.
Diets Modified in Consistency
Factors In The Study Of Diet Therapy
- Underlying disease conditions which require a change in diet.
- Duration of disease
- Factors in the dietary which must be altered to overcome disease conditions
- Patient’s tolerance of food by mouth
- BALANCED DIET
- usually used for AMBULATORY PATIENTS
- may have slight calorie reduction
- Decreased or omitted: rich desserts, cream sauces, salad dressings, and fried foods
Regular or Standard Diet
consist of a variety of foods that are LIQUID AT ROOM TEMP
LIQUID DIETS
these diets are used in:
- febrile states
- post op
- whenever the patient is unable to tolerate solid food
LIQUID DIETS
a clear fluid diet is usually used for _____ days
1 or 2 days
this diet is indicated in:
- acute illness
- surgery
- gastrointestinal disturbances
CLEAR LIQUID DIET
FOODS PERMITTED IN CLEAR LIQUID DIET
- tea with lemon & sugar
- coffee
- fat free broths
- carbonated beverages
This diet is indicated when a patient is:
- Acutely ill.
- Unable to chew or swallow solid food.
- This diet includes all foods which are liquid at room temperature.
- Six or more feedings can be given daily.
FULL LIQUID DIET
FOODS IN FULL LIQUID DIET
Beverages — Cocoa, coffee or tea.
Cereal — Fine or strained gruels.
Dessert — Soft custard, gelatin.
Eggs — Raw in broth with fruit juices or milk.
Fruit — All strained juices.
Meat — Strained in soups.
Vegetables — Puree, soups.
Miscellaneous — Butter, cocoa, sugar, salt
- is between liquid diet and normal diet
- includes BOTH LIQUID AND SOLID foods which contain restricted amount of indigestible carbohydrates and no tough connective tissue
SOFT DIET
this diet is nutritionally adequate
SOFT DIET
The diet is made up of foods which can be completely absorbed, thereby leaving LITTLE OR NO RESIDUE for formation of FECES. This diet provides insufficient minerals and vitamins.
Foods high in fiber should be omitted.
LOW RESIDUE DIETS
Used during:
Severe diarrhea to afford rest to the gastrointestinal tract.
Operations.
Whenever necessary to reduce bulk in the gastrointestinal tract.
LOW RESIDUE DIETS
is mainly used for ATONIC CONSTIPATION and DIVERTICULOSIS.
Fluid intake is also increased.
HIGH FIBRE DIET
plays a significant role in colonic function
DIETARY FIBRE
interval of feeding with high fibre diets should be ______ meals daily
THREE
used for patients who are OVERWEIGHT; avoid or limit high-calorie foods
LOW-CALORIE
used for patients who are UNDERWEIGHT, have anorexia nervosa, hyperthyroidism, or cancer
Extra protein and carbohydrates
Avoid high-bulk foods
Avoid high-fat foods
HIGH-CALORIE
These diets are prescribed for
Weight loss
Fever
Hyperthyroidism
Burns.
HIGH CALORIE DIET
These diets are prescribed for weight reduction in
Diabetes Mellitus
Cardiovascular diseases
Hypertension
Gout
Preceding surgery.
LOW CALORIE DIET
This is a normal diet with energy values reduced to 1500, 1200 or 1000 calories.
LOW CALORIE DIET
prescribed for
Gall bladder diseases
Cystic fibrosis
Atherosclerosis
Myocardial infarction
Hyperlipidemia etc.
FAT CONTROLLED DIET
regulate the amount and type of fat allowed.
FAT CONTROLLED DIET
average daily intake of cholesterol in a fat controlled diet
300 mg
is a severe restriction that excludes salty foods and salt in cooking and at the table.
FIRST DIET
used both to prevent and treat EDEMA.
Therefore, it is prescribed for congestive heart failure, hypertension, toxemia of pregnancy, liver and renal diseases.
LOW SODIUM DIET
Specific foods may cause an immunologically mediated response in certain individuals.
Those foods which cause a known reaction are eliminated from the diet.
Food Allergies and Food Intolerances
result in symptoms associated with the intake of that food but are NOT IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSES.
Foods Intolerance
common example of food intolerance
lactose intolerance
Used for patients with diabetes mellitus
Exchange lists are used to choose foods
Avoid sugar-heavy foods
DIABETIC DIET
Restricts foods containing cholesterol
Used for patients with atherosclerosis and heart disease
Limit foods high in saturated fats
LOW - CHOLESTEROL DIET
EASILY DIGESTED FOODS that do not irritate the digestive tract
Used for patients with ulcers, colitis, and other digestive diseases
Bland Diet
