PART 1 Flashcards
What are the 6 important nutrients and its function?
Carbohydrates
Protiens
Fats
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
What are the two classifications of nutrients?
Organic and Inorganic
The process by which the body takes in and uses food
Nutrition
What are the influences of food choices?
Hunger and Appetite
Emotions
Environment
Cultural and Ethnic Background
Convinience and Cost
Advertising
enhances your quality of life and helps you prevent disease
good nutrition
substances in foods that your body needs to grow, to repair, and to provide energy
nutrients
chemical substances necessary for life
nutrients
functions of nutrients
provide energy
build and repair tissue
regulate body processes
contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
organic
found in all living things
carbon
in simplest form when ingested
inorganic
function of inorganic nutrients
regulate body processes
provides major source of energy
carbohydrates
examples of carbohydrates
cereal grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and sugars
provides energy, highest kilocalorie value
fats (lipids)
sources of fats
meats, milk, cream, butter, cheese, egg yolks, oils, nuts
builds and repairs body tissues
only one of the six nutrients that contains NITROGEN
Protein
sources of protien
poultry eggs, fish, eggs, milk
organic compounds
regulate body processes
Vitamins
inorganic compounds
regulate body processes
Minerals
major constituent of all living cells
composed of hydrogen and oxygen
Water
natural need to eat and not starve
hunger
a desire to eat
appetite
stress, anger, happy, sad, boredom etc
emotions
family and friends
environment
race, religion, heritage
cultural & ethnic background
where u live, on the go lifestyle, family income
convinience & cost
health messages, influencing your looks
advertising
made up of nutrients used for growth and health
Food
the food you eat and how your body uses it
nutrition
all nutrients needed by the body are available through food
true
many kinds and combinations of food can lead to a well-balance diet
true
no food, by itself, has all the nutrients needed for full growth and health
true
each nutrient has specific uses in the body
true
most nutrients do their best work in the body when teamed up with other nutrients
true
amounts of nutrients are influenced by
age, sex, size, activity, and state of health
everything that happens to food while it is being grown, processed, stored and prepared for eating
Handling
the way food is handled influences the amount of nutrients in food, its safety, appearance, and taste
true
substances in food that are used by the body for normal growth, reproduction, and maintenance of health
nutrients
basic material from which the body is constructed and by which it is fueled and regulated
nutrients
65%
oxygen
18%
carbon
10%
hydrogen
3%
nitrogen
the body can use these elements only when they are consumed in a chemically combined form of compounds
true
three basic functions of nutrients in the body
- they constitute body structure
- they provide energy
- they serve as regulators of body processes
constantly needed for maintenance of body tissue and temperature and for growth as well as for different body activities
energy
three groups of nutrients that provide energy to the body
carbohydrates, proteins, fats
unit used to measure the energy value of food
kilocalories/kcal
the number of kcal in food is its energy value or caloric density
true
carbohydrates kcal
4 kcal per gram
Proteins kcal
4 kcal per grams
Fats kcal
9 kcal per gram
Alchohol kcal
7 kcal per gram
nutrients like water, protien, vitamins, and minerals
regulators
biochemical reactions that take place in a living organism
metabolism
a set of processes through which absorbed nutrients are used by the body for energy and to form and maintain body structures and functions
metabolism
two main processes of metabolism
catabolism & anabolism
breakdown of food components into smaller molecular particles, which causes the release of energy as heat and chemical energy
catabolism
the process of synthesis from which substances are formed, such as new bone or muscle tissue
anabolism
Five processes involved in the body’s use of nutrients
- Ingestion
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Metabolism
- Excretion
also known as diet therapy
Therapeutic diet
unit of energy from the food consumption
calories
process of input & output of the food to the body
homeostasis
