Therapeutic Communication

Question 1

What are the components of a therapeutic relationship?

Answer 1

Trust, Genuine interest, empathy, acceptance, and positive regard

Question 2

How can trust be given in a therapeutic relationship?

Answer 2

By showing interest, caring, understanding, honesty, and consistency

Question 3

What is empathy? What is sympathy?

Answer 3

Empathy: Understanding what the pt feels
Sympathy: Feeling sorry for the patient

Question 4

Should sympathy be shown in a therapeutic realationship?

Answer 4

No, instead empathy should be shown

Question 5

What is therapeutic self?

Answer 5

Just being yourself to help with the relationship and communication with your patient

Question 6

What is the Johari tool? What do the 4 quadrants represent? What is the end goal?

Answer 6

A tool used to learn about oneself
4 Quadrants are: 1. Open/public self, 2. Blind/unaware, 3. Hidden/private self, and 4. Unknown
The goal: to move qualities from quadrants 2,3,4 into quadrant 1

Question 7

What are the different types of relationships?

Answer 7

Social, Intimate, and therapeutic

Question 8

What is a Social releationship?

Answer 8

Used for friendship, to socialize, share ideas. Usually, friends or coworkers

Question 9

What is in intimate relationship?

Answer 9

Emotional commitment to another person. Individual needs are met. Spouse or partner

Question 10

What is a therapeutic relationship?

Answer 10

Focuses on needs, experiences, feelings, ideas of a patient only

Question 11

What model is used to show how a therapeutic relationship works?

Answer 11

Peplau’s model

Question 12

What are the 3 Phases of Peplau’s model?

Answer 12

Orientation, Working (identification and exploration), and Termination

Question 13

What is the orientation phase of a therapeutic realtionship?

Answer 13

First time nurse and pt meet. Roles are established along with trust. Termination phase will begin by discussing goals. pt problems are identified

Question 14

What is the Working phase of a therapeutic relationship? There is a possibility of what?

Answer 14

Broken down into Identification and Exploration:

Identification is where the pt’s issues or concerns are identified.

Exploration is when you examine pts thoughts and feelings, and start working toward goals
There is a possibility for transference or countertransference

Question 15

What is transference and what is countertransference?

Answer 15

Transference is when someone (patient) transfers their feelings onto someone else (nurse)

Countertransference is when a nurse transfers their feelings onto a patient

Question 16

What is the termination phase in a therapeutic relationship? How may the patient feel?

Answer 16

When patient’s problems are resolved, and the relationship ends. Patient may feel a loss and try to avoid termination

Question 17

What types of behaviors should a nurse not have that could ruin a therapeutic relationship with a patient?

Answer 17

Inappropriate boundaries, feelings of sympathy, nonacceptance, avoidance

Question 18

What are some roles a nurse may have in a therapeutic relationship?

Answer 18

Teacher, Caregiver, Advocate, or possibly a parent surrogate. Relationship must maintain therapeutic no matter the role

Question 19

What is communication? What are the types of communication?

Answer 19

Communication is the exchange of information. There is verbal communication and nonverbal communication

Question 20

What is verbal communication? Ex?

Answer 20

Anything that is spoken.
Examples would be telling someone about our beliefs, values, understanding, or insult

Question 21

What is nonverbal communication?

Answer 21

Nonverbal communication is the all the other ways we use to communicate, like our body language, tone of voice, pitch of voice, posture, facial expressions, eye contact etc

Question 22

What is a congruent message? What is an incongruent message?

Answer 22

A congruent message is when the content of the message is the same as the process

An incongruent message is when the message is conflicting

Question 23

What are some goals of therapeutic communication?

Answer 23

Identify pts concerns or feelings, teach pt and family, etc

Question 24

What are proxemics? What is that for a nurse?

Answer 24

They are distance zones from our patient and for a nurse it should be 3-6 ft apart

Question 25

How can touch be useful in a therapeutic relationship? How can it cause problems?

Answer 25

The use of touch can be used as a gesture of supportiveness and friendship. While others may see it has an invasion of privacy or a sign of intimacy. It will differ from pt to pt based on things like cultural factors

Question 26

How can the use of eye contact be useful in a therapeutic relationship? How can it cause problems?

Answer 26

The use of eye contact can sometimes be relaxing for a patient and lets them know you are listening. It can also make a patient feel awkward due to cultural differences

Question 27

Active listening is a big part of therapeutic communication, what does it mean to be actively listening?

Answer 27

Actively listening is concentrating on just what the patient is saying

Question 28

Active observation is also a big part of therapeutic communication, what does it mean to be actively observing?

Answer 28

Active observation is focusing on the nonverbal actions of the patient

Question 29

What are clarifying techniques and what does that consist of?

Answer 29

Clarifying techniques are used to reduce the number of misunderstandings between patient and nurse. It consists of paraphrasing, restating, reflecting, exploring, and feedback

Question 30

Interpretating of signals or cues can either be overt or covert, what does that mean?

Answer 30

Overt is clear messages, direct Covert is vague messages, indirect

Question 31

What is spirituality?

Answer 31

A personal journey to self-discovered and connection with oneself

Question 32

What is assertive communication?

Answer 32

Expression of positive and negative feelings in an open, direct, honest way. Does not mean Aggressive

Question 33

What are some factors that can affect communication?

Answer 33

Physical (mood), Social (cultural differences), cognitive, environmental, and relationship (if there is an equal or unequal relationship (symmetrical or complementary relationship)

Question 34

What is a symmetrical relationship?

Answer 34

participants are equal

Question 35

What is a complementary relationship?

Answer 35

difference in power

Question 36

What is some non-effective communication that leads to a nontherapeutic relationship with the patient?

Answer 36

Advising, belittling, asking too many questions, asking closed-ended questions, and reassuring