Psychopharmacy and Neurotransmitters Flashcards
Behavioral Health
What Does Dopamine control?
Increased Levels? Decreased Levels?
Movement, mood, new memories and motivation
Increased levels: schizophrenia and mania
Decreased levels: Parkison’s and depression
What does Norepinephrine control? Increased levels? Decreased levels?
Controls Mood, arousal, fight or flight response, and attention
Increased levels: Anxiety
Decreased Levels: Depression
What does serotonin control? Increased levels? Decreased levels?
Controls mood, sleep, appetite, emotions, digestion and blood clotting
Increased Levels: Anxiety
Decreased levels: Depression
What does Histamine control? Increased levels? Decreased levels?
Histamine controls sleep-wake cycle, emotions, alertness, appetite, and inflammation
Increased levels: Anxiety and depression
Decreased: none
What does GABA do? (THINK GRANDMA) Increased levels? Decreased levels?
GABA is like the brains break pedal
Increased: Reduced anxiety, mania and schizophrenia
Decreased: Anxiety, mania, and schizophrenia
What does Glutamate control? Increased Levels?
Brain’s Gas pedal; movement learning, memory,
Increased: Neurodegenerative disorders
What does Acetylcholine control? Increased levels? Decreased Levels?
It regulates brain and body function, memory, learning, attention, and muscle activation
Increased levels: Depression
Decreased levels: Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s
What are Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI’s)
They prevent the destruction of the monoamines. Stops MAO’s
What does Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) do? What are side effects? Examples?
Increase the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine
Side effects: Anticholinergic effects
Ex.) Elavil and Pamelor
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI’s) are a type of antidepressant, what does it do? Side effects? Examples?
Increases the levels of serotonin
Side effects: fewer anticholinergic effects
Ex.) Fluoxetine (Prozac). Sertaline (Zoloft) and Paroxetine (Paxil)
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI’s) are a type of antidepressant, what does it do? Side effects? Examples?
Increases the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine
Side effects: fewer anticholinergic effects
Ex.) Venlafaxine (Effexor) and Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Serotonin-norepinephrine disinhibitor (SND) is a type of antidepressant, what does it do? Example?
Increases the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine
Combined with SSRI’s
Ex.) Remeron
Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI’s) are a type of antidepressant, what does it control? Side effects? Example?
Increases levels of norepinephrine and dopamine
Reduces addictive effects
Ex.) Wellbutrin
Serotonin antagonist/reuptake inhibitor (SARI’s) are a type of antidepressant, what does it control?
It increases serotonin
Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRI’s) are a type of antidepressant, what does it control? What does it treat?
Increases norepinephrine and treats ADHD
Lithium is a mood stabilizer, what does it treat and what are concerns?
It treats depression, mania, and schizophrenia. It has a small therapeutic range, so easy for toxicity
Another mood stabilizer is valproate, what does it do?
Manages aggression
Another mood stabilizer is Carbamazepine (Tegretol) what is it used for?
Acute mania
Another mood stabilizer is Lamotrigine (Lamictal) what does it prevent?
Prevents mood swings and it causes a rash
Diazepam, Clonazepam, and alprazolam are used for what?
Anxiety
Flurazepam and triazolam are used for?
Insomnia
Buspirone (Buspar) is an antianxiety med, what does it do?
Treats anxiety with less potential for depression
What ate Ambrin and Sonata?
Z-hypnotic, has a sedative effect
What do Antipsychotic drugs/ First Generation drugs do?
Bind to dopamine receptors to reduce transmission
