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Biology > Theory PE > Flashcards

Theory PE Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the five health related components of fitness?

A

Strength, flexibility, cardiovascular endurance, muscular endurance, body composition

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2
Q

What are the six skill related components of fitness?

A

Agility, speed, reaction time, balance, power, coordination

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3
Q

What is the definition of strength?

A

Amount of force a muscle can exert against a resistance

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4
Q

What is the definition of flexibility?

A

Range of motion of your joints

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5
Q

What is the definition of cardiovascular endurance?

A

Ability to exercise the whole body for long periods of time

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6
Q

What is the definition of muscular endurance?

A

Ability to use voluntary muscles many times without getting tired

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7
Q

What is the definition of body composition?

A

Percentage of the body that is muscle, fat or bone

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8
Q

What is the definition of agility?

A

Ability to control the movement of the whole body and change direction quickly

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9
Q

What is the definition of speed?

A

Rate at which an individual can cover a distance

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10
Q

What is the definition of reaction time?

A

Time between the presentation and the onset of movement

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11
Q

What is the definition of balance?

A

The ability to keep the body stable, while at rest or in motion

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12
Q

What is the definition of power?

A

The ability to undertake strength performances quickly

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13
Q

What is the definition of coordination?

A

The ability to use two or more body parts together

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14
Q

What does individual needs mean?

A

When planning training sessions, the needs of the individual athlete comes first.

Using someone else’s programme will not work because every athlete has different needs-and a different starting point-and the training should focus on these.

For example, a first time marathon runner using an experienced marathon runner’s training programme. They would not have the levels of fitness or experience to benefit for it.

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15
Q

What does specificity mean?

A

Specificity means matching training to the requirements of an activity/sport.

Every sport has its own specialist needs-divers and long distance runners obviously train in different ways.

Specificity in football might mean concentrating on cardiovascular fitness or speed.

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16
Q

What is the definition of weight training?

A

Involves lifting weight to increase the strength of muscles, using repetitions and sets.

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17
Q

What is the definition of continuous training?

A

Aerobic exercising at a moderate to high level, with no rest.

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18
Q

What is the definition of plyometric training?

A

Exercises where muscles use maximum force in short intervals of time.

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19
Q

What is the definition of fartlek training?

A

A method of training for runners where the terrain and speed are constantly changing.

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20
Q

What is the definition of interval training?

A

Involves alternating stages of high and low intensity activity.

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21
Q

What is the definition of circuit training?

A

A series of exercises, completed for a certain amount of time, one after another.

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22
Q

What does progressive overload mean?

A

Gradually increasing the amount of overload to improve fitness. Overload doesn’t mean training too hard or too much.

For example, a weight lifter might increase the number of sets or reps, the amount of weight, or decrease the rest.

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23
Q

What is the FITT principle?

A

The FITT principle enables you to plan an exercise programme to get the most out of it as safely as possible.

FITT stands for Frequency (how often), Intensity (how hard), Time (how long), Type (what method)

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24
Q

Where is the maxilla?

A

Upper jaw

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25
Q

Where is the mandible?

A

Lower jaw

26
Q

Where is the clavicle?

A

Shoulder

27
Q

Where is the sternum?

A

In the middle of the ribcage

28
Q

Where is the humerus?

A

Upper arm

29
Q

Where is the pelvis?

A

Hip

30
Q

Where is the ulna?

A

Inside lower arm

31
Q

Where is the radius?

A

Outer lower arm

32
Q

Where is the femur?

A

Upper arm

33
Q

Where is the patella?

A

Kneecap

34
Q

Where are the tarsals?

A

Feet

35
Q

Where are the metatarsals?

A

Toes

36
Q

Where is the cranium?

A

Skull

37
Q

Where is the cervical vertebrae?

A

Neck

38
Q

Where is the scapula?

A

Shoulder blade

39
Q

Where is the thoracic vertebrae?

A

Middle of the spine

40
Q

Where is the lumbar vertebrae?

A

Bottom section of the spine

41
Q

Where is the ilium?

A

Back of the pelvis

42
Q

Where is the sacrum?

A

Bottom of the spine

43
Q

Where is the ischium?

A

Bottom of the pelvis

44
Q

Where are the phalanges?

A

Toes and fingers

45
Q

Where are the carpals?

A

Top of the hands

46
Q

Where are the metacarpals?

A

Middle of the hands

47
Q

Where is the tibia?

A

Inner lower leg

48
Q

Where is the fibula?

A

Outer lower leg

49
Q

Where is the pectoralis major?

A

In the chest

50
Q

Where is the bicep?

A

Front of upper arm

51
Q

Where are the external obliques?

A

On the sides of the abdominals

52
Q

Where are the hip flexors?

A

Groin-responsible for abduction (moving away) and adduction (moving towards) of the leg

53
Q

Where are the quadriceps?

A

Front of the upper leg-responsible for knee extension

54
Q

Where is the tibialis anterior?

A

Outside lower leg

55
Q

Where are the deltoids?

A

In the shoulder-responsible for the abduction and adduction of the arms

56
Q

Where are the triceps?

A

Back of the arm-responsible for elbow extension

57
Q

Where are the latissimus dorsi?

A

In your back-responsible for shoulder movement

58
Q

Where are the gluteals?

A

Bum

59
Q

Where are the hamstrings?

A

Rear upper leg-responsible for knee flexion

60
Q

Where is the gastrocnemius?

A

Rear lower leg-responsible for ankle flexion (standing on your toes)

Biology (8 decks)

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