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MAGS > Theory of Flight > Flashcards

Theory of Flight Flashcards

1
Q

What is momentum?

A

Mass x Velocity

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2
Q

What is Newton’s 1st Law?

A

A body remains in a state of rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. (Inertia)

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3
Q

What is Newton’s 2nd Law?

A

The rate of change of momentum is proportional to the applied force and the change in momentum takes place in the direction of the applied force. (Results in F=ma)

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4
Q

What is Newton’s 3rd Law?

A

Every Action has an equal and opposite Reaction. (Action/Reaction)

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5
Q

A gas in steady motion has what 4 types of energy?

A

Potential Energy Heat Energy (Pressure Energy) Kinetic Energy

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6
Q

Total pressure is the sum of what two types of pressure?

A

Static pressure + Dynamic pressure

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7
Q

What is the equation for dynamic pressure?

A

1/2 ρ V²

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8
Q

What are the 4 forces that act on an aircraft in flight?

A

Lift, Drag, THrust, Weight

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9
Q

Label this diagram of an aerofoil.

A
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10
Q

What is the curvature of an aerofoil?

A

Camber

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11
Q

What is the straight line distance between the leading and trailing edges?

A

Chord.

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12
Q

What is the angle at which the aerofoil is attached to the fuselage, defined as the angle between the chord line and the longitudinal fuselage datum?

A

Angle of incidence

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13
Q

What is the angle between the chord line and the relative airflow / freestream flow?

A

Angle of attack

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14
Q

What is the maximum lateral dimension of a wing?

A

Wingspan

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15
Q

what is the planform area of a wing?

A

WIng Area

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16
Q

What is the ratio between the wing span and the mean chord?

A

Aspect Ratio

17
Q

What is the change of the chord of the wing from root to tip?

A

Taper

18
Q

What is the layer of airflow close to the aerofoil surface, where the velocity of flow is reduced from the free stream flow due to viscosity?

A

The Boundary Layer

19
Q

What is the point on an aerofoil where the boundary layer becomes turbulent?

A

Transition Point

20
Q

What are the two types of flow in a boundary layer? Briefly describe them.

A

Laminar - the flow is smooth.

Turbulent - the flow is rough and unpredictable.

21
Q

What is the point on an aerofoil where the resultant vector of lift and drag acts?

A

Centre of pressure

22
Q

Label this diagram of an aerofoil.

A
23
Q

What are the 7 factors that the generation of lift is dependant on?

A

Air Density ρ

Velocity V

Wing Area S

Coefficient of Lift

Angle of attack

Wing Shape

Wing Surface Condition

24
Q
A
25
Q

What effect does downwash have on the angle of attack?

A

Downwash causes an effective decrease in the angle of attack

26
Q

Name the two types of drag on an aerofoil.

A

Zero lift drag (ZLD)

Lift Dependant Drag (LDD)

27
Q

What are the 3 components of zero lift drag?

A

Surface friction drag

Form drag

Interference drag

28
Q

What type of drag is the following describing?

Airflow spills from the wingtip and trailing edge in a twisting motion to form trailing vortices.

At the wing tip, the vortices form into a concentrated vortex

These vortices intensify under high lift conditions

A

Induced drag

(Due to spanwise flow)

29
Q

Label the drag curve.

A
30
Q

At what angle of attack does the maximum coefficient of lift occur?

A

16°

31
Q

At what angle of attack does the minimum drag occur?

A

2°

32
Q

At what angle of attack is the Lift to drag ratio optimized?

A

4°

33
Q

What does VIMD represent?

A

Best lift to drag ratio.

(Indicated airspeed, minimum drag)

34
Q

What does 1.32 x VIMD achieve?

A

Best range.

(Max speed/drag ratio)

35
Q

Label the axes and planes on this aircraft diagram.

A
36
Q

What are the primary response to each of the following controls?

Elevator

Ailerons

Rudder

A

Elevators - Pitch

Ailerons - Roll

Rudder - Yaw

37
Q

What are the secondary effects of each of the following?

Elevator

Ailerons

Rudder

A

Elevator - height/speed

Ailerons - Yaw

Rudder - Roll

38
Q

What device on a wing has the following effects?

Increased lift due to; increased camber, change of chord, increase in AOA, increased S

Improved forward vision as a result of a lower nose attitude.

Increased drag, decreased Lift/Drag ratio and a lower critical angle.

A

Flaps

MAGS (7 decks)

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