Theory extra

Question 1

Borders of Habenular trigone

Answer 1

i. Medially: tenia thalami + habenular commissure
ii. Laterally: thalamus
iii. Posteriorly: Superior colliculus

Question 2

Anterior Inferior Cerebellar artery (AICA) supply __

Answer 2

1. the inferior surface of cerebellum
2. Cerebellar peduncles
3. choroid plexus in cerebellopontine angle (Bochdalek flower basket)
4. lateral part of medulla and Pons.

Question 3

Superior Cerebellar artery (SCA): runs along the upper margin of Pons and extends deep into (1)_____ around the cerebral peduncles to supply (2)___

Answer 3

1. the ambient cistern

2. the upper surface of cerebellum, colliculi, and most of the Cerebellar nuclei

Question 4

What is Glomus anastomosis?

Answer 4

between the anterior choroid artery (branch of ICA, or sometimes MCA) and the posterior lateral choroid artery (branch of the PCA) inside the choroid glomus in the central part of the lateral ventricle

Question 5

What is Parieto-ccipital anastomosis:

Answer 5

between the pericallosal artery (ACA terminal branch) and the dorsal branch to corpus callosum (PCA terminal branch) at the parietooccipital fissure

Question 6

Thalamus:

Mainly supplied by the perforating branches of the __

Answer 6

PCA

Question 7

Hypothalamus supplied by ___

Answer 7

(of ACA): anterior part of hypothalamus

(of PCA): posterior party of hypothalamus

Question 8

Blood supply of Brain Stem

Answer 8

Anterior Spinal artery (a triangular area next to the midline including the pyramids, medial lemniscus and hypoglossal nucleus)

Posterior Spinal artery (a small area including the gracile and cuneate nuclei)

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar artery (supplies the retro-olivary region (behind the inferior olive)
containing the rubrospinal tract, nucleus ambiguous, the dorsal vagal nucleus and part of the inferior
cerebellar peduncle)

Question 9

Veins of the Cerebral hemisphere consist of 2 sets which are

Answer 9

1) Superficial cerebral veins: drain blood into the nearby dural sinuses,
2) Deep cerebral veins: Drain blood from the deep structures of brain into the straight sinus

Question 10

Deep cerebral veins include __

Answer 10

Internal cerebral veins

Basal veins of Rosenthal’s

Question 11

Great cerebral vein of Gallen: a large, unpaired vein formed by the junction of____ in the caudal part of the tela choroidea of the third ventricle; it p

Answer 11

the two internal cerebral veins

Question 12

Great cerebral vein of Gallen: a large, unpaired vein formed by the junction of the two internal cerebral veins in the caudal part of ___

Answer 12

the tela choroidea of the third ventricle

Question 13

Borders of anterior horn of LATERAL VENTRICLES

Answer 13

Anterior horn: situated rostral to interventricular foramen (of Monro). Walls:
• Lateral wall is formed by head of caudate nucleus.
• Medial wall is the septum pellucidum.
• Floor - anterior wall - roof are formed by the radiation of corpus callosum (the radiation of rostrum - genu - and body).

Question 14

Borders of Central part (Body) of LATERAL VENTRICLES

Answer 14

Central part (Body): found posteriorly from interventricular foramen to the level of the splenium of corpus callosum. Walls:
• Roof is formed by the corpus callosum (radiation of truncus corporis callosi).
• Floor is formed by the dorsal aspect of thalamus, covered by the lamina affixa (lamina affixa thalami
extends from stria terminalis to tenia choroidea).
• Lateral wall: body of the caudate nucleus.
• Medial wall: choroid lamina epithelialis of the lateral ventricle, attached to the fornix (tenia fornicis) and to the thalamus (tenia choroidea). On the outer aspect of choroid lamina epithelialis the pia mater (together = choroid tela) and the choroid plexus can be found.

Question 15

Borders of Posterior horn of lateral ventricle

Answer 15

C/ Posterior horn extends into occipital lobe.
• Lateral wall is formed by the tapetum of the corpus callosum.
• The other walls are formed by the occipital white matter.
• In the medial wall two longitudinal elevations are seen: the bulb of the posterior horn, formed by the
radiation of the corpus callosum (forceps major) and the calcar avis, produced by the calcarine fissure.
• On the floor the collateral trigone (caused by the collateral sulcus) is found.

Question 16

Borders of D/ Inferior horn of lateral ventricles

Answer 16

• The floor is formed by the hippocampus and the collateral eminence (caused by the collateral sulcus).
• The roof and lateral wall is formed by the white substance of the hemisphere (radiation of splenium corporis callosi: tapetum) and along its medial border are the stria terminalis and tail of caudate nucleus.
• Anteriorly: the amygdaloid nucleus bulges into the anterior end of the horn.
• Medial wall: the choroid lamina epithelialis (with choroid tela and choroid plexus) is attached to the
fimbria of hippocampus (tenia fimbriae) and to the stria terminalis (tenia terminalis).

Question 17

Borders of THIRD VENTRICLE:

Answer 17

THIRD VENTRICLE: small, narrow, midline vertical cleft of diencephalon, bridged by interthalamic adhesion of thalamus.
• Lateral wall is formed by thalamus, hypothalamic sulcus and hypothalamus.
• Roof is formed by choroid lamina epithelialis of the 3rd venticle (+ choroid tela and choroid plexus). The attachments of choroid lamina epithelialis: tenia thalami (on stria medullaris thalami), habenulae and habenular commissure.
• Floor is formed by the hypothalamus with the optic chiasm, infundibulum, mamillary bodies, and subthalamus.
• Anterior wall contains anterior commissure, columns of fornix and lamina terminalis.
• At posterior end of the ventricle the habenular commissure and the posterior commissure are located
(between them the pineal recess, above the habenular comm. the suprapineal recess)

Question 18

OPENINGS you can find in third ventricle

Answer 18

2 interventricular foramina laterally, cerebral aqueduct posteriorly.