Theorizing Race, Racialization, and Racism Flashcards
- a social-relational category defined by socially selected real or imagined physical, as well as cultural, characteristics.
- the socially constructed belief that the human race can be divided into bio- logically discrete and exclusive groups based on physical and cultural traits
Race
Biological racism
the idea that Whites are genetically superior to non-Whites
group identity based on notions of similar and shared history, culture, and kinship
Ethnicity
Symbolic ethnicity
a love for and pride in a tradition that can be felt without having to be incorporated into everyday behaviour
The extension of racial meaning to a previously racially unclassified relationship, social practice, or group
Racialization
Racialization Process
Selecting, Sorting, Attributing, Essentializing, Acting
perceiving human characteristics (including physical characteristics,
ancestry, language, clothing) as signs of supposed racial differences between people
Selecting
sorting people into racial groups based on perceived differences of
human characteristics
Sorting
assigning traits, behaviours, and qualities to people classified as
members of some racial grouping
Attributing
considering these supposed differences between racial groups as permanent and/or inherited
Essentializing
treating people differently and/or unjustly by discriminating based on perceived differences
Acting
Hypotheses about what it means to be a particular race or ethnicity
Race and ethnicity schemas
- the belief that people belong to distinct races and that these racial groups have innate hierarchical differences that can be measured and judged (prejudice)
- the practice of treating people differently on the basis of their race (power to discriminate)
Racism
a set of principles and ideas that (1) divides people into racial groups and (2) serves the interests of one group
Racial ideology
When one person discriminates against another on the basis of race or ethnicity
Individual Racism
daily, commonplace insults and racial slights that cumulatively affect the psychological well-being of people of colour
Racial microaggressions
policies, laws, and institutions that reproduce racial inequalities
Institutional Racism
racist ideologies, attitudes, and institutions created to preserve White advantage and power
Systemic Racism
a pattern of action in which one or more of the institutions of society has the power to throw on more burdens and give less benefits to the members of one race than another on an ongoing basis
Structural Racism
What are the types of Racism?
Individual Racism, Institutional Racism, Systemic Racism, Structural Racism
