Theorists Test - 12

Question 1

Eriksons Psychosocial theory

Trust vs mistrust

Answer 1

Child develops trust from caregivers. By them answering their cries, the child develops a sense of safety and security in the world.

Question 2

Autonomy vs shame and doubt

Answer 2

Learning control over body functions leads to sense of control

Question 3

Initiative vs guilt

Answer 3

Children assert their power through play

Question 4

Industry vs inferiority

Answer 4

Those who receive encouragement develop self pride.

Question 5

Weakness of eriksons theory

Answer 5

Some say theory is more applicable to boys and more attention is paid to infancy, than adult life. Despite claim to be a life span theory.

Question 6

Piaget and Erikson - similarities

Answer 6

• Both have steps and stages that guide development
• both agree the environment influences development
• both agree personality develops across a life span.

Question 7

Bronfen Brenner and Piaget similarities

Answer 7

• both acknowledge age impacts development

- both talked about the importance of a care giver

Question 8

Vygotsky, Brenner, Erikson similarities

Answer 8

• Brenner and vygotsky: biological makeup (disabled or not) influences development and learning.
• Erikson and Vygotsky: believe the social and cultural factors ie learning through social interactions influence how a child develops

Question 9

Piaget

Biological factors

Answer 9

Biological:

• very set in stone ages and based on white culture
• believe body makeup (disabled) impacts development
• biological mother, has huge impact on child development

Question 10

Piaget

Social factors

Answer 10

• acknowledged adults played role in development

- children learn through peers

Question 11

Piaget environmental factors

Answer 11

Environmental

- if a child grows up in a hostile environment they could become timid or have psychological issues

Question 12

Erikson Biological influences

Answer 12

Biological

• in the trust vs mistrust stage: child develops sense of security through the mother who is biologically related and answering the child’s needs
• theory covers a person’s whole biological life span
• in 4th stage child acts on their biological innate feeding behaviours ie child acts when they’re hungry

Question 13

Bronfen Brenners systems

Microsystem

Answer 13

Immediate surroundings. Has direct contact with the individual ie school, family.

Question 14

Mesosystem

Answer 14

Connections between 2 Microsystems. ie school and home. Parents having a good relationship with a teacher can influence a child to do better at school and develop, as the teacher may tell the parent what to do at home to improve.

Question 15

Exosystem

Answer 15

External environment influences indirectly with development.
- parents workplace impacts the microsystem if parents work long hours.

Question 16

Macrosystem

Answer 16

Freedoms permitted by the federal government. Ie Centrelink, maternity leave. Impacts the microsystem as families can receive financial support.

Question 17

Vygotsky

Answer 17

MKO- someone with a better understanding of a higher ability level than the learner.
ZPD- area between a child’s level of independent performance and assisted performance.
Scaffolding - demonstrating the task in steps. Breaking it down into do-able steps.

Question 18

Bronfen Brenner

Social factors

Answer 18

Social interactions in the mesosystem between a parent and a teacher impact a child’s learning and development at school and at home.

Question 19

Bronfen Brenner

Cultural

Answer 19

• if a child grows up in Australia, but parents speak French this could hinder how fast a child develops their language skills.

Question 20

Biological

Answer 20

• disability or illness that requires extra care impacts on parents in the microsystem.
• biological maturity of an adolescents brain; may impact their decision making ie might get involved in a car crash if they’ve been drinking. This influences the microsystem.