Theorists

Question 1

Seligman

Answer 1

Learned Helplessness

internal, stable, global

Question 2

Abramson, Matalsky and Ally

Answer 2

added role of hopelessness to learned helplessness

Question 3

Lewihnson

Answer 3

Behavioral theory of depression

• low rate of response contingent reinforcement
• increase activity levels as tx

Question 4

Minuchin

Answer 4

-structural family therapy
-focus on boundary problems: rigid or diffuse
-detouring, stable coalition, triangulation
triangulation -therapist creates stress to unbalance the family
-joining: used to join family

Question 5

Bowen

Answer 5

• extended family systems therapy
• triangles created to reduce tension
• therapist begins with two members
• therapist enters triangles and tries to reduce tension
• goal is to increase diffrentiation
• genograms

Question 6

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome

Answer 6

ablation of anterior temporal lobes in monkeys led to hypersexuality, placidity, oral tendencies, psychic blindness

Question 7

Tolman

Answer 7

latent learning: rats wandered the maze but showed now proficiency until a reward was provided

Question 8

Kohlberg

Answer 8

stages of moral development: Preconventional, Conventional (Stage 4: existing rules and laws), Postconventional (stage 5: social contracts and democratically chosen laws, stage 6: reasoning based on universal ethical principals)
stages of gender development: identity, stability, constancy

Question 9

systemic family therapy

Answer 9

• Milan group

- uses circular questioning to help family members recognize differences in their perspectives

Question 10

anterior occipital lobe

Answer 10

mediates peripheral vision

Question 11

overcorrection

Answer 11

-restitution and positive practice

Question 12

Hans Selye

Answer 12

General Adaptation Syndrom: (GAS), body’s reaction to sustained stress: alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Question 13

hippocampus

Answer 13

• linked to visual imagery
• role in explicit memory, along with prefrontal cortex and temporal lobes
• consolidation of long term memory

Question 14

Bandura

Answer 14

• “reciprocal determinism”: behavior, personal factors, environment
• boys and girls imitate aggressive models even without reinforcement

Question 15

Troiden

Answer 15

homosexual identity development: feeling different, confusion, assumption, integration

Question 16

Helms

Answer 16

White Racial Identity Model: autonomy status “complexity and flexibility”

Question 17

resperidone

Answer 17

less likely to produce extrapyramidal effects than traditional antipsychotics

Question 18

Porter and Lawler

Answer 18

-expectancy theory: -expectancy (effort leads to success) -valence (the outcomes are important) -instrumentality (meeting job goals-aka success-will lead to particular outcomes)

Question 19

Holland

Answer 19

theory of vocational choice, high degree of differentiation increases chance of job satisfaction

Question 20

Vygotsky

Answer 20

theory of cognitive development used for edu strategies

Question 21

Acetylcholine

Answer 21

ACh, drugs that block it can lead to dry mouth, blurred vision, postural hypotension, tachycardia and sedation,
drugs treat alzheimers by slowing breakdown of ACh incl: Cognex, Exelon, Aricept

Question 22

Two-factor theory

Answer 22

• Herzberg
• hygiene factors: work enviro, pay and benefits, coworkers, company policies, decrease disatisfaction
• and motivator factors: lead to satisfaction

Question 23

Needs Assessment/analysis

Answer 23

• to determine training needs

- organization analysis, task analysis, person analysis

Question 24

Caudate Nucleus

Answer 24

atrophy involved in Huntington’s disease

Question 25

use of a collection agency for unpaid fees

Answer 25

ethical under some circumstances

Question 26

cerebellum

Answer 26

-mediates physical homeostasis damage leads to jerky movements, difficulty walking unaided -involved in implicit memories along with amygdala and basal ganglia -basal ganglia and cerebellum in charge of motor memories -amygdala in charge of emotional implicit memories

Question 27

ajzen

Answer 27

theory of planned behavior. behavioral intention caused by: attitude toward that behavior, norms, perceived emotion control

Question 28

medial temporal lobe

Answer 28

includes entorhinal complex, amygdala and hippocampus--important for memory

Question 29

Rutter

Answer 29

promoting resiliency in high risk clients:

Question 30

Albert Ellis

Answer 30

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT): dysfunctional behaviors are the results of irrational thoughts and beliefs

Question 31

Fiedler

Answer 31

Contingency Theory: Low LPC (task-oriented) leaders are most effective when the environment is very ideal or very bad, High LPC leaders

Question 32

Rehm

Answer 32

self-control theory: depression created by six deficits in self-control behavior-selective monitoring of negative events, selective monitoring of immediate vs. delayed outcomes, stringent self-evaluative criteria, inaccurate attributions of responsibility, inadequate self-reward, excessive self-punishment

Question 33

Cross

Answer 33

black racial identity development model. 4 stages, pre-encounter, encounter, immersion-emersion, internalization

Question 34

Job evaluation

Answer 34

determines worth of a job to set the wage

Question 35

performance appraisal

Answer 35

evaluation of an employees work

Question 36

frontal lobe damage

Answer 36

- orbitofrontal area: pseudopschopathy (disinhibition/impulsivity), euphoria, lack of judgment, distractability - medial frontal area: limb weakness and lack of sensation, mutism, akinesia - anterior cingulate area: apathy, paucity of mvmt/speech - dorsolateral prefrontal area: poor executive function, perseveration, slowed processing, mood and personality changes

Question 37

Interpersonal Therapy

Answer 37

IPT, brief, manualized therapy: role disputes, role transitions, unresolved grief, interpersonal deficits

Question 38

Glasser

Answer 38

Reality Therapy: ppl are responsible for the choices they make, ppl need five things: freedom, survival, love and belonging, power and fun, ppl can adopt a success identity when making good decisions

Question 39

Haley

Answer 39

Strategic Family Therapy: focus on transactional patterns and the way people relate to control relationships, use paradoxical interventions, focus on symptoms relief

Question 40

job analysis

Answer 40

determines what is involved in a certain job, what skills etc.