theorists Flashcards
what does Lash and Urry (1987) argue?
-Liberal, organised and disorganised capitalism
Factors determining timing of organisation are:
1) Size of country
2) Bourgeois revolution
3) Time to take of
Consequences (comparative thesis):
-Extent of organization determines process of organisation
What did Hall and Soskice (2001) argue about capitalism
1) Institutional similarities/differences among developed countries
2) Variations of national political economies
3) actor-centred approach (individuals, firms produced)
4) Regulatory regimes at nation-state level
What did Hall and Soskice (2001) say about institutions?
1) made of formal/informal rules
2) Socialisation through agencies
3) Power
4) lots of sanctions/incentives
What does Bell (1973) argue for?
End of organised capitalism:
1) economic- displacement of manufacturing
2) technology - information processes
3) stratification system
What does Offe (1985) argue?
unemployment removes people from contact with central power mechanism of capitalist society
How is Ritzer (2005) linked to the disorganisation of capitalism?
Mcdonalisation - franchises
Giddens (1992)?
- identity politics
- Social disembedding
- Social reflexivity
Baudrillard (1984)?
- Hyperconsumerism
- Death of industry
- Social media and market corporate control
What did escobar (1995) argue about dependency theory?
1) Development is a discourse and is historically produced by MEDC’s
2) fluidity and heterogeneity of development discourse
What were Rostow’s (1960) stages of development?
Stages of Economic Growth:
1) Traditional society
2) Preconditions for take-off
3) Take-off
4) Drive to maturity
5) Age of high consumption
what were Eisenstadt’s (1973) 2 ideas on modernisation from LEDC’s to MEDC’s?
1) Process of change where less developed countries developed characteristics common to more developed societies
2) Achievement of modernity while maintaining social cohesion and equilibrium
what’s Adams (2005) argument?
3rd wave (turn/multiple modernities) comp soc involves:
1) rational actor choice
2) feminist challenges
3) institutionalism
What 3 points did Goldthorpe (1994) argue for?
1) Idiographic (specific trends/nomothetic (scientific) distinction
2) Comp soc based on 2nd hand research
3) Lack of rules leads to: ‘pick and mix’ in history
What did Ragin (1987) argue that the best approach to Comp Soc was?
Qualitative approach as is higher in validity
What is the dependency theory from Frank (1969)?
1) Underdevelopment result of colonialism
2) Periphery is integrated into world capitalist system through slavery
3) historical process that generated western development and poverty in LEDC’s
World systems theory applied to development
What did Mahoney (2000) say about Spain/England comparison?
Path-dependency
Mercantilist comparison of trade between Britain and Spain
Britain
- colonised less developed areas
- less extensive colonialism
Spain
- colonised more developed areas
- more extensive colonialism
What are the 5 points (including example from 1st year) of Mahoney (2000)?
1) past influences future
2) path dependency is a vague concept
3) self-reinforcing sequences exist
4) reactive chains can alter paths
5) mercantilist Spain and liberal British colonial comparison (free market)
What does Robinson (2001) argue about path dependency?
1) There are institutional differences between countries colonised by Europeans
2) institutions influence states and thus policies
What were Eisenstadt’s (1973) 2 modernisation theory?
1) process of change where LEDC’s developed characteristics common to MEDC’s
2) achievement of modernity while maintaining social cohesion and equilibrium
Whats Adams (2005) argument?
3rd wave (turn/multiple modernities) involves:
1) rational actor choice
2) feminist challenges
3) institutionalism
What 3 points did Goldthorpe (1994) argue for?
1) idiographic distinction (specific trends) + (scientific)
2) comp soc based on 2nd hand research
3) lack of rules leads to pick&mix in history
Kobrin (1997)?
Global economy doesn’t include entire world
Beck (2007)?
- Methodological nationalism
- Global risk society
Connell (2007)?
- Geo-political location of production affects sociological knowledge of globalisation
- Northern theory
Meyer (1997)?
World culture of rationalised modernity
Said (1978)?
Orientalism
Go (2013)?
- Post-colonial theory
- Modernity constituted through colonialism
- Provincialising and decentring Europe (abandon Eurocentric universalism)
What did Guillen (2003) argue?
globalization is a fragmented, incomplete, discontinuous, contingent
What did Harvey (1989) argue
Space/time compression
Which 2 theorists suggested that multiple modernities are interconnected?
Go (2013)
Bhambra (2014)
Amin (1974)?
World Systems theory
Different approaches to comp soc?
Eiestradt (1973)/Shoneld (1965) Modernisation approach
Goldthorpe (1984) Neo-corporatism
Hall and Soskice (2001) - Include both trade unionism, corporations and regime of country
Lash and Urry (2004) types of capitalism
Amin (1974) World systems theory
Bhrambra (2013)/Go (2013) multiple modernities
LINKED TO
Adams (2013) Cultural turn/3rd wave/multiple mods
What did Sen (2001) say about development?
To develop
Humans need functioning surroundings
Humans need the capability and freedom to do it
CME
Coordinated market economy (Government coordination)
Germany, Japan, Sweden
EU/TPP
Higher taxes, more equality
Criticism: authoritarian
LME
Liberal market economy (free market)
US, UK, Australia
Low tax, less subsidies, government not responsible
Shoneld’s (1965) approach is what? What does this mean?
Modernisation approach
You need to modernise industry/parts of society and economy to move a country forward
What different approaches are there to comparative sociology?
Modernisation approach (Shoneld, 1965)
Neo-corporatism (Goldthorpe, 1984)
Hall and Soskice (2001) - Include both trade unionism, corporations and regime of country
What was Goldthorpe’s (1984) approach?
What does this mean and relate to with state actors?
Neo-corporatism
To do with the states negotiations with private companies for wages, working conditions and trade unions
Based on centralisation of corporate movement
Verinci (2013)?
1) Unrelated to colonialism
2) Hypercolonialism
3) subordinates local communities (boer control)
Settler colonialism
How can Savage (2000) relate to this?
Service industry
Urry (2004)’s paradigm?
Strong spatially separated networks are created, but at the same time actors face increasing stratification and anomie
What did Mahoney’s (2006) study on path-dependency suggest?
Also dependent on 2 things:
What model did he use?
Pre and post colonialism are dependent in the chain on the level of colonialism
Mercantilism: trade tariffs
Liberal model: free market or not
All change the chain
What was Britain and what was Spain in Mahoney’s (2006) comparison?
Britain liberal market (Canada, Australia 1/5th of land mass)
Spain mercantilist (tariff protection) [South America]
This is in relation to their trade with empire, not with each other
As well as Veracini (2013), who mentioned tings about what?
Settler colonialism
Wolfe (2006)
Settler colonialism attempts to eliminate or subordinate indigous peeps
