Theories of Management

Question 1

Hawthorne studies

Answer 1

The Hawthorne effect is a type of human behavior reactivity in which individuals modify an aspect of their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed.

Question 2

Theory X and Y

Answer 2

Theory X and theory Y are part of motivational theories. Both the theories, which are very different from each other, are used by managers to motivate their employees. Theory X don’t want to work, no ambition, motivated/only there to collect a pay check. Theory Y wants to work and take responsibility motivated my the challenge and the task.

Question 3

Classical approach to management

Answer 3

• Administrative Management (Henri Fayol)
• Scientific Management (Frederick W. Taylor)
• Bureaucracy (Max Weber)
  Assumption:
  People at work act in a rational manner that is primarily driven by economic concerns ($$).
  Do what is necessary to achieve the greatest personal and monetary gain.