Theories of Intelligence Flashcards
What is the Two-Factor Theory of Intelligence?
Theory that intelligence consists of two factors: ‘g’ and ‘s’. The ‘g’ factor is the general ability that is involved in every mental task. The ‘s’ factor is the specific ability that is related to particular domains such as music, spatial, mechanical, etc.
Proposed by Spearman (1927)
Fluid and Crystalized Intelligence
Fluid Intelligence (g-f), or fluid intelligence (or ability), which is the set of mental processes that is used in dealing with relatively novel tasks. Crystalized Intelligence (g-c) is the sum of one’s knowledge.
How is Fluid and Crystalized Intelligence are measured?
Fluid Intelligence is measured by a non-verbal multiple-choice test called The Raven’s Progressive Matrices (RPM). Crystalized Intelligence is measured by tests of vocabulary, general information, etc.
How is Fluid and Crystalized intelligence are distinct from one another?
Fluid Intelligence Refers to current ability Involves openness to learning new things Decreases with age Crystallized Intelligence Refers to prior learning Involves recalling specific facts.
