THEORIES OF HEALTHCARE ETHICS Flashcards
managers find resources to carry out charges
patient protection and affordable care act 2010
form of cultural competence
ethical understanding
chaos of thoughts, beliefs
philosophy
intense and critical exam of beliefs and assumptions
philosophy
both natural and necessary
philosophy
gives coherence
philosophy
philosophical discussion
moral philosophy
considered good/bad, right/wrong
moral philosophy
study of social morality and philosophical reflection on norms
ethics
offers formal process
ethics
vested interest
professions
protecting people, ensure competence, safeguard integrity and trustworthiness
professions
ethical codes
honesty
fairly
competently
guides ethical conduct
ethical codes
ANA meaning
american nurses association
CNA meaning
canadian nurses assocation
ICN meaning
international council of nurses
school of thoughts
naturalism
rationalism
view of moral judgement
naturalism
everything in existence is derived from natural causes and laws
naturalism
no supernatural or divine influence
naturalism
scientifical, empirical evidence
naturalism
physical world basis of all knowledge
naturalism
natural laws
rejects supernaturalism
evidence and testing based
scientific method
not dependent upon human nature
rationalism
ethical values have independent origins
rationalism
process of reasoning
rationalism
reason, logic, innate ideas are primary sources of knowledge
rationalism
certain truths exist independently and can be known through reason alone
rationalism
intellectual insight
mind over matter
abstract principles over physical evidence
mathematical and abstract thinking
theories of ethics
deontology
teleology
utilitarianism
deontology; greek word = ____; which means ____
deon, duty
behaving ethically by meeting our duties
deontology
person in deontology
immanuel kant
deontology is also called
formalism or kantianism
where was Immanuel Kant born
Konigsberg, Prussia in Germany in 1724
who said that ethical rues are universal
immanuel kant
who said that humans can derive certain consistent principles to guide action
immanuel kant
who said that moral rules are absolute
immanuel kant
moral principle
categorical imperative
two type of deontology
categorical imperative
practical imperative
guides ethical decision-making
categorical imperative
act according to universal rules without exceptions
categorical imperative
actions are always moral and followed by everyone, everytime
categorical imperative
treat all people as valuable individuals
practical imperative
way of applying categorical imperative
practical imperative
importance of respecting everyone’s dignity and worth
practical imperative
called consequentialism
teleology
teleology; greek = _____; which means ______
telos, ends
greatest good for greatest number
teleology
act itself is leading to good or bad outcomes
teleology
person carrying out the act should be praised for it or not
teleology
holds action is judged as good/bad depending on consequence
utilitarianism
important ethical philosophy
utilitarianism
basis in naturalism
utilitarianism
greatest utility/usefulness
right action
father of modern utilitarianism
jeremy bentham
actions considered right if thy cause happiness and not misery
jeremy bentham
property of any object
utility
tends to produce benefit or happiness to prevent mischief or unhappiness
principle of utility
he measures product of act in terms of value of proposed pleasure
jeremy bentham
six measures of pleasure
intensity
duration
certainty
propinquity
fecundity
purity
nearness of place/time
propinquity
followed by sensations of same kind
fecundity
not being followed by sensations of the opposite kind
purity
classical utilitariansim
john stuart mill
developed pleasure-maximizing version
john stuart mill
followed his mentor bentham
john stuart mill
eudaimonia
john stuart mill
said that actions are right if they tend to promote greatest good for greatest number
john stuart mill
said that not all pleasures were equally worthy
john stuart mill
greatest happiness principle
john stuart mill
term of well-being and distinguished quali and quanti between various forms of pleasure
the good
golden rule
do unto others as you would have them do unto you
ideal perfection of utilitarian morality
golden rule
types of utilitarianism
act utilitarianism
rule utilitarianism
act of consequentialism
act utilitarianism
net benefit
act utilitarianism
received most criticism and not supported by modern ethicists
act utilitarianism
people choose actions that increase the overall good
act utilitarianism
judges each individual action
act utilitarianism
action is moral if it gives greatest happiness regardless of general rules
act utilitarianism
case-to-case
act utilitarianism
decision maker develops rules
rule utilitarianism
greatest net benefit
rule utilitarianism
people choose rules that will maximize overall good
rule utilitarianism
judges actions based on if they follow rules that would lead to greatest happiness
rule utilitarianism
long-term benefits of moral rules
rule utilitarianism
general rule
rule utilitarianism
physical world only reality
naturalism
knowledge from observations and scientific discovery
naturalism
empirical (experiments)
naturalism
evolution = scientifically
naturalism
reason and logic
rationalism
reality = abstract, rational truths
rationalism
beyond physical experience
rationalism
deductive (logic and reasoning)
rationalism
mathematics exist independently
rationalism
duty-based
deontology
moral rules and duties
deontology
inherently right or wrong actions
deontology
immanuel kant
deontology
values duties and rules
deontology
consequence-based
teleology
end goals
teleology
morality of action is determined by outcome or purpose
teleology
focuses on end purpose
teleology
type of teleology
utilitarianism
greatest happiness for majority
utilitarianism
most benefit and least harm for majority
utilitarianism
jeremy bentham and john stuart mill
utilitarianism
maximizing happiness
utilitarianism
