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Yr13 Sign In Students > Theories of Education > Flashcards

Theories of Education Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Organic Analogy?

A

A way of explaining how Functionalists view society. Society functions like an organism, with lots of organs performing different roles which come together to create one larger thing.

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2
Q

Is Functionalism a consensus or conflict theory?

A

Consensus

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3
Q

What are the 4 roles of education according to Functionalists?

A

Social Solidarity, Secondary Socialisation, Sifting and Sorting, Specialist Skills

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4
Q

What is Social Solidarity?

A

A sense of togetherness. Being connected to the people around you

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5
Q

What is Socialisation?

A

The process of norms and values being transmitted from one generation to another

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6
Q

What is Secondary Socialisation?

A

Being taught norms and values learns in school, rather than in the family

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7
Q

What is Sifting and Sorting?

A

The process by which students are categorised into the subjects they’re good at, and encouraged to continue learning them, so that they can go into those job roles in the future

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8
Q

What is Specialist Skills?

A

The abilities, knowledge, and skills a person needs to know in the workplace. Can be generalised for any workplace, or specific ones for certain careers

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9
Q

What is meritocracy?

A

The idea that a person is rewarded for their hard work and ability

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10
Q

Why are the New Right worried?

A

Decline of British values; dependency culture; rising unemployment; family structure moving away from the nuclear family

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11
Q

What does ‘society in miniature’ mean?

A

The idea that school reflects wider society, e.g. different departments in school which mirror different industries in society

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12
Q

What does it mean to say that schools is ‘a bridge’?

A

Parsons’ idea. School teaches children the norms and values they need to integrate in wider society. It acts as the ‘bridge’ between family and wider society

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13
Q

What are particularistic standards?

A

Norms and values which apply within the home. E.g. family traditions, certain vocabulary, or the youngest sibling always being treated like a child

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14
Q

What are universalistic standards?

A

Norms and values which apply in society as a whole, such as (in the UK) being polite and queueing. Taught in school

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15
Q

What does NEET stand for?

A

Not in Employment, Education, or Training

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16
Q

What is the Underclass?

A

A theory by Charles Murray. He describes a cycle where single mothers incorrectly socialise their children. This leads boys to commit crime and become absent fathers themselves, while girls become pregnant and become single mothers. They then incorrectly socialise their children. According to him, one of the things that allows this to happen is the benefits system, meaning the mothers don’t have to work

17
Q

Is Marxism a conflict or consensus theory?

A

Conflict

18
Q

Marxism is a structural theory. What does that mean?

A

Large social organisations and institutions have power/control/influence over individuals and their behaviour

19
Q

What is an Ideological State Apparatus?

A

A tool used by the government to make people believe certain things and behave in certain ways. A method of social control. E.g. religion, education, media

20
Q

Who are the bourgeoisie?

A

The upper/ruling class

21
Q

Who are the proletariat?

A

The working class

22
Q

What is False Class Consciousness?

A

When the working class do not realise they are being exploited

23
Q

What is the Correspondence Principle?

A

The idea that school reflects aspects of the workplace

24
Q

What is the Myth of Meritocracy?

A

Marxists say meritocracy does not exist. People are told this exists so that they blame themselves for their lack of success/happiness, rather than seeing that they are being exploited. “If you haven’t done well in life it’s because you didn’t work hard enough”

25
Q

What is the Hidden Curriculum?

A

The knowledge and skills you are implicitly taught at school, such as respect for authority and organisation skills

26
Q

What does ‘passive and docile’ mean?

A

This is how capitalism wants it workers to be. Quiet, obedient, do what they’re told, and don’t complain

27
Q

Marxists believe in the 3 of the same functions of education as Functionalists, although they disagree on how each of them works. Which one do they not believe in, and what do they replace it with?

A

They don’t believe in Social Solidarity. They believe in Social Control - education is there to control our behaviours, to create new workers, and to prevent revolution

28
Q

Is Feminism a conflict or consensus theory?

A

Conflict

29
Q

What is a patriarchy?

A

A male-dominated society which benefits men and disadvantages women

30
Q

What is the male gaze?

A

Where women are seen as sexual objects for the pleasure of the male viewer

31
Q

What is the glass ceiling?

A

An invisible barrier which women face preventing them from getting the top jobs in society

32
Q

What is the instrumental role?

A

A typically male role. The breadwinner/money maker who is in charge of the finances

33
Q

What is the expressive role?

A

A typically female role. The housewife/mother who cleans and looks after the kids

34
Q

Feminists believe in the 3 of the same functions of education as Functionalists, although they disagree on how each of them works. Which one do they not believe in, and what do they replace it with?

A

They don’t believe in Social Solidarity. They believe in Social Control - education is there to control girls’ behaviours and beliefs, benefit men, and continue the patriarchy

35
Q

What are GIST and WISE?

A

GIST: Girls In Science and Technology
WISE: Women In Science and Engineering

Organisations created to encourage girls to get into STEM subjects

Yr13 Sign In Students (9 decks)

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