Theories/Models of Growth and Development Flashcards
Psychosexual Stages of Development
Oral (birth-1yr)
Anal (2-3y)
Phallic (3-6yr)
latency (6-11yr)
Genital (12-Adult)
Oral Stage in Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development
Dependency and trust, sucking, biting, highly dependant
Anal Stage Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development
Toilet Training (2-3), Self-control, discipline vs. obedience.
Phallic Stage Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development
Genital Interest (3-6yrs), what it “means” to be boy or girl, each gender desires parent of opposite sex. Edipus Complex-Boys, Electra Complex-girls
Latency Stage Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development
Genital/Sexual feelings repressed, guilt (6-11) Super Ego maintains parents expectations
Genital Stage Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development
12-Adult, genital interest, relationships with opposite sex
Freud’s 3 Levels of consciousness
Conscious (aware), preconscious (memories accessible), unconscious (instincts and desires)
The 3 levels of Freud’s personality structure interact leading to
The Id, Ego, and Superego interact leading to the use of defense mechansims
The Id, Ego, and Superego each operate how
Id= I want, Ego, The “I” that emergest to control the desires of the Id, Superego negotiates “good vs. bad”
Which theorist developed the concept of Ego Defense Mechanisms
Anna Freud
which theorist believed personality develops over a lifespan
Erik Erikson
Who was the father of Ego Psychology
Erikson
What are the 8 stages of development according to Erik Erikson
Trust v mistrust
autonomy vs. doubt
initiative v. guilt
industry v. inferiority
identity v. identity confusion
intimacy v. isolation
generativity v. stagnation
integrity v. despair
Jean Piaget is know for what theory of development?
Cognitive Development
According to Jean Piaget’s cognitive development there are two was of learning. What are they?
Assimilation- Individual uses an existing schema with a new environment
Accommodation- Individual changes the schema to fit the environment
What is Assimilation and which developmental theory is it associated with?
Cognitive Development–Individual uses an existing schema with a new environment
What is Accommodation and who developed the theory to which it pertains?
Jean Piaget.
Accommodation- Individual changes the schema to fit the environment
What are the 4 stages of cognitive development?
Sensorimotor (birth-2)
Preoperational (2-7)
Concrete Operational (7-11)
Formal Operational (11-adult)
Lawrence Kohlberg is know for which developmental theory?
Moral Development
What are Kohlberg’s 3 levels of Moral Development?
Pre-Conventional (“what’s in it for me”)
Conventional (Conforms to social norms)
Post Conventional (Laws should = Justice)
which theorists are associated with attachment theory?
John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth
What are the characteristics of Healthy attachment
proximity maintenance
safe haven
secure base
separation distress
Proximity Maintenance
Desire to be near people to whom we are attached
Safe Haven
returning to the attachment figure for comfort and safety in the face of fear or threat