Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 6 (Psych Mental Health) > Theories and Theorists > Flashcards

Theories and Theorists Flashcards

Psychological theories

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

What are the key elements of the ANA code of ethics

A

compassion
respect
comittment
advocacy
accountability
responsibility to the profession

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why do you use a patient’s first language when speaking to them?

A

shows respect to the person… it puts the person as the WHO you are treating, instead of WHAT you are treating.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nurses no longer use the words retarded or retardation to describe someone with

A

intellectual or developmental disability (IDD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What words should you not say in any situation with a psych patient?

A

nut job (nut)
demented
insane
wacko
Schizo
loony
bonkers
madman
loco
fruitcake
crazy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Stigma is

A

negative stereotype leads to an attitude or belief that would cause one to view a person with mental illness as inferior, dangerous, or unstable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Stigma leads to _____________ creating ___________

A

stigma - prejudice - discrimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Prejudice is

A

through and feelings of negative viewpoint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Discrimination is

A

action against a person due to their disorder
- at the workplace (not getting a job)
- withdrawal from family negativity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Discrimination creates a major

A

barrier to mental health tx and recovery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The lack of treatment and recovery from discrimination contributes to what emotions

A

fear and rejection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fear and rejection from stigma result in

A

social isolation and reduced opportunities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mental health is

A

dynamic and shifting and can range from mild to severe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mental health is _____________ with psychological, emotional, and social.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mental Health is influenced by

A

genetics
brain chemistry
life experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mental health is defined as

A

State of well-being in which individual realizes potential, copes with normal stresses, works productively, contributes to community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mental health if successful leads to

A

successful performance of mental and emotional functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Resilience

A

ability to recover from and adjust successfully to stressors, loss, and trauma
bouncing back when struggling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Successful performance of mental functioning includes what behaviors

A

engagement in productive activity,
engage in fulfilling relationships,
adapt to change,
cope with adversity
rational, communication, learning, emotional growth, resilience, and self-esteem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

NAMI (National Alliance on Mental Illness) ideas on mental health

A

Affects a person’s thinking, mood and feeling
Can make it difficult to relate to others
May affect ability to function day to day
Treatable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Attributes of Mental Health

A

accurate appraisal of reality
ability to love and experience joy
capacity to deal with conflicting emotions (sad and happy at same time)
ability to deal w/o fear, guilt, or anxiety
ability to take responsibility for own actions
control own behavior
think clearly(problem solving, judgement, reason logic, insightful conclusions)
relate (relationships, empathy)
self-defined spirituality
negotiate each task
productive
self-concept and aelf-value
play and laugh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Factors affecting mental health

A

genetics
spirituality
culture
community
personality
beliefs
experiences
negative influences (stressors, poverty, bad parenting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which factor describes the pathophysiology of mental health?

A

biological manifestation of the disease abnormality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) is the

A

Guidebook for categorizing and diagnosing psychiatric mental health disorders in the US.
- criteria
- id symptoms and quantify
- underlying causes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The ability to function is finding life enjoyable, what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A

loss of interest or pleasure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The ability to function is Optimistic about needs being met, what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A

Discouraged or hopeless mood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The ability to function is Ability to recognize cues and act appropriately

what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The ability to function is Sees environment accurately

what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A

Inaccurate perception of environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The ability to function is Understands consequences

what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A

Hallucinations or delusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

The ability to function is Performs within abilities

what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A

Deterioration in work performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The ability to function is Recovery from minor failures

what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A

Inability to maintain steady employment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The ability to function is Reasonable self confidence

what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A

Lacks self confidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The ability to function is Resourcefulness

what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A

Inability to function independently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The ability to function is Stable Strong relationships

what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A

Unstable or intense relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The ability to function is Variety of social support

what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A

Lack of support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The ability to function is Ability to problem solve and cope in ways that are not harmful

what is the dysfunction (opposite)?

A

Poor coping that creates further dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

coping destruction is self meditated with

A

drug
alcohol
sex
food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

T/F: Mentally health means being always logical and rational

A

False - myth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

When depression occurs what else usually occurs?

A

anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Schizophrenia affects men and women

A

equally (earlier in men)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Major Depressive is 2x more in

A

women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Bipolar affects both genders

A

equally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Anxiety Disorders frequently occur with what types of disorders

A

eating and substance abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

OCD’s first s/s begin

A

childhood and adolescent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

PTSD develops how

A

immediately or delayed
310% Vietnam veterans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

_____ times more suicides than homicides

A

2.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Health seeking behaviors

A

developed countries seek help from psychiatrists, NP
indigenous cultures see a spiritual component
- seek shaman, healer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Culture Bound Syndrome

A

Running amok
Pibloktoq
Anorexia Nervosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Running amok

A

SE Asia
- someone runs around being violent
- mass shooters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Pibloktoq

A

uncontrollable desire to remove clothing and exposing oneself to the extreme cold
- lack of sun, Vit. D, or too much Vitamin A - fish
culture sees as possessions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Anorexia Nervosa

A

restrict their food intake relative to their energy requirements through eating less, exercising more, and/or purging food through laxatives and vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Psychoanalytic theory uses what theorist

A

Sigmund Freud
- Austrian neurologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Sigmund Freud is the father of

A

psychiatry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

According to Freud, psychological disturbances occur as

A

early trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What are the 3 mental activities of Freud?

A

conscious
preconscious
unconscious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Conscious is the

A

current awareness
- influenced by pre and unconscious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Preconscious

A

lies immediately below the surface and is accessible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Unconscious

A

most primitive feelings
drives and memories reside
unbearable and traumatic
(totally repressed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

ID

A

primitive
pleasure seeking and impulsive (immediate gratification)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Ego

A

problem solver and reality tester
-use defense mechanisms
- self-esteem and expression of self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Superego

A

moral component of the personality
- conscience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Conscience

A

sense of what is right or wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Stages of personality development in Freud

A

Oral - ID dominant - trust
Anal - ego develops - delay immediate gratification
Phallic - superego - develop sex id
Latency - sexuality expressed - same-sex relationships
Genital - form close relations with opposite sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Psychoanalytic Therapy

A

3-5 times a week for many years
Know and understand the unconscious
Emotionally painful process
Free association
Psych knows best
- dream analysis and intentional journaling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Dream Analysis

A

dreams were urges of the unconscious mind that were revealed by dreams (key to the the unconscious)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Intentional Journaling

A

helps you understand why you may act, think or behave certain ways in certain situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Dream Analysis is the key to the

A

unconscious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Free Association

A

let the pt talk about whatever they want

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

What is the different between psychoanalytic and psychodynamic therapy?

A

dynamic is more modern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Psychodynamic Therapy

A

Shorter number of sessions
Therapeutic relationship
Transference
Countertransference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Transference

A

patient projects feelings unto therapist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Countertransference

A

therapist’s unconscious response to the patient (need professional)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Repression is an

A

unconscious mechanism employed by the ego to keep disturbing or threatening thoughts from becoming conscious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

What are the defense mechanisms used to relieve anxiety?

A

repression
denial
projection
displacement
regression
sublimation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Denial involves

A

blocking external events from awareness
- too much to handle, the person refuses to experience them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Projection involves

A

individual attributing their own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and motives to another person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Displacement is to

A

satisfying an impulse (aggression) with substituting object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Regression is a

A

mvmt back in psychological time when one is faced with stress
- suck thumb again or wet the bed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Sublimination

A

satisfying an impulse (aggression) with a substitute object in a socially acceptable way
- sport
- constructive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Five of the most important properties of defense mechanisms are as follows:

A

managing unconscious conflict
most part unconscious
discrete
many psychiatric disorders
adaptive and pathological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Cognitive Dissonance

A

hold 2 or more contradictory beliefs.
- adopt new belief and discard old (change in behavior)
- discard new and keep old (no change)
- combine 2 into 1 new belief

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Interpersonal Theory is founded by who

A

Herbert “Harry” Stack Sullivan – American psychiatrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

Interpersonal Theory believes what is the cause of such alterations

A

social and interpersonal problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Sullivan believes humans are driven by the need for

A

interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

What according to Harry is the most painful human experience

A

loneliness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

According to Interpersonal Theory, Early relationship with primary caregiver is crucial for

A

personality development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

According to Interpersonal Theory, Anxiety is based on

A

approval or disapproval of significant caregiver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

According to Interpersonal Theory, All behavior is based on

A

avoiding anxiety and threats to self esteem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

Interpersonal Theory, focuses is on the

A

“good me”

89
Q

According to Interpersonal Theory, perosnality can be influenced as a

A

child or adult

90
Q

Interpersonal Therapeutic Model

A

therapist is very active participant and observer
- actively change maladaptive behaviors and distorted views for other to modify them
FOCUS ON THE HERE AND NOW

91
Q

Interpersonal Therapeutic Model emphasis on

A

patient’s life and relationships at home, work, and socially

92
Q

Interpersonal Therapeutic Model is often used in

A

marriage and relationship counseling

93
Q

Behavioral Theories include

A

Ivan Pavlov - Classic Conditioning - dogs
Watson - classic - Lil-Albert
Skinner - operant

94
Q
A
95
Q

Classical Conditioning

A

– involuntary behavior or reflexes can be conditioned to respond to neutral stimuli (Pavlov)
- Personality traits and responses, adaptive and maladaptive, are learned (Watson)

96
Q

Operant Conditioning

A

– voluntary behaviors are learned through consequences of positive reinforcement or negative reinforcement/punishment
- Positive reinforcement Causes good behavior to occur again. Negative reinforcement stops behavior.
changes a behavior

97
Q

Pavlova and his dogs experiment

A

accustomed to getting food after bell was rung. Later dogs salivated in response to the sound of the bell alone

98
Q

Lil-Albert experiement by Watson

A

By making banging sounds behind him while he was exposed to white fur – terrified him

99
Q

Which theorist involves classical conditioning?

A

Pavlov - behavior
Watson - personality;learned

100
Q

Which theorist involves operant conditioning?

A

Skinner

101
Q

Behavioral Therapeutic Model

A

attempts to correct or eliminate maladaptive behavior

102
Q

The behavioral Therapeutic Model includes these 3 topics

A

Systematic desensitization
Aversion therapy
biofeedback

103
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

Based on classical conditioning
Relaxation
Exposure to anxiety provoking stimulus.

104
Q

Aversion therapy

A

classical operant conditioning
Eradicate unwanted habits by associating unpleasant consequences with them.
Antabuse

105
Q

biofeedback

A

Control of physiological responses such as breathing, HR, BP, breathing by providing visual or auditory feedback of physiological response and then using relaxation techniques to change these physiological responses.
Provide calming techniques and see the body relax via VS

106
Q

Antabuse

A

alcohol addiction throws up the alcohol when drinking preventing them from liking it

107
Q

Humanistic Theory is related to what theorist

A

Maslow

108
Q

Humanistic Theory is concerned with the

A

huamn potential for development, knowledge attainment, motivation, and understanding
- Hierarchy of Needs

109
Q

What needs are the most important and dominant in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? (greatest to least)

A

Physiological Needs
Safety and Security
Love and Belonging
Self-esteem
Self-actualization

110
Q

Physiological Needs

A

breathing
food
water
shelter
clothing
sleep

111
Q

Safety and Security

A

health
employment
property
family
social stability

112
Q

Love and Belonging

A

friendhsip
family
intimacy
sense of connection

113
Q

Self-esteem

A

confidence
achievement
respect of others

114
Q

Self-actualization

A

morality
creativity
spontaneity
acceptance
- can be achieved until all others are met

115
Q

The humanistic therapeutic model was created by what theorist

A

Carl Rogers
- american psychiatrist
person centered care (40s)

116
Q

The humanistic Therapeutic Model refers to psch patients as

A

clients

117
Q

In the humanistic Therapeutic Model, Carl Rogers depicts people as

A

healthy and good
- clients are in the best position to explore, understand, and identify solutions to their problems

118
Q

In the humanistic Therapeutic Model, clients have an innate

A

self-actualizing tendencies to grow, develop and realize their full potential

119
Q

In the humanistic Therapeutic Model, focus is on

A

self awareness and the present

120
Q

In the humanistic Therapeutic Model, the therapist needs to

A
  • seeks clarification and encourages
  • congruent, empathetic, and respectful
121
Q

Congruent is the therapist needs to be

A

on the same page as the pt
-free will of the patient and
- unconditional positive regard

122
Q

Cognitive Theory was developed by

A

Aaron T Beck

123
Q

Cognitive Theory believes

A

Depressed people have standard patterns of negative self-critical thinking
- Cognitive appraisals lead to emotional responses, on how one perceives the event.
problematic behaviors from your perception of reality

124
Q

Cognitive Behavior Therapy seeks to

A

modify negative thoughts leading to dysfunctional emotions and actions

125
Q

Schemata

A

unique assumptions about ourselves, others and the world

126
Q

Automatic thoughts (cognitive distortions) are

A

rapid unthinking responses

127
Q

Cognitive distortions are common in what illnesses?

A

anxiety and depression

128
Q

Replace distortions with

A

rational thoughts

129
Q

Black and White Thinking

A

reducing complex outcomes into absolutes (no gray)

130
Q

Overgeneralization

A

Using a bad outcome (or a few bad outcomes) as evidence that nothing will ever go right again in that situation (it will always go wrong)

131
Q

Labeling

A

A form of generalization where a characteristic or event becomes definitive and results in an overly harsh label for self or others that one friend is always late

132
Q

Mental Filter

A
  • focusing on a negative detail or bad event and allowing it to taint everything else
133
Q

Disqualifying the positive

A

Maintaining a negative view by rejecting information that supports a positive view as being irrelevant, inaccurate, or accidental

134
Q

Jumping to conclusions

A

Making a negative interpretation despite the fact that there is little or no supporting evidence

135
Q

Mind Reading

A

Inferring negative thoughts, responses, and motives of others

136
Q

Predictive Thinking

A

anticipating that things will turn out badly as an established fact- the party is going to be bad because you think it is

137
Q

Magnification/Minimization

A

Exaggerating the importance of something (e.g., a personal failure or the success of others) or reducing the importance of something (e.g., a personal success or the failure of others)

138
Q

Catastrophizing

A

An extreme form of magnification in which the** very worst is assumed to be a probable outcome**

139
Q

Emotional reasoning

A
  • Drawing a conclusion based on an emotional state
140
Q

Should/must

A

rigid self-directives that presume an unrealistic amount of control over external events

141
Q

Personalization

A

Assuming responsibility for an external event or situation that was likely out of personal control

142
Q

Biological Theory means

A

mental disorders have physical causes
- will respond to physical treatment

143
Q

What incidence occurred resulting in the Biological Theory

A

In the 1950’s a surgeon noticed that surgical patients were calmed by chlorpromazine (Thorazine) as a pre-anesthetic agent
Soon was used for Schizophrenia which reduced restraint and seclusion – and calmed them

144
Q

In biological therapy, what is the primary biological tx for mental disorders?

A

psychopharmacology
- antidepressants, antipsychotics, antianxiety, mood stabilizers, psychostimulants - Adderall, amphetamines, caffeine

145
Q

What are other treatment plans for biological theory of psych?

A

correcting hormone imbalances - thyroid
regluating deficient diets (avocado, blood sugar)
sleep regulation (hallucinations and delusions)
electroconvulsive therapy
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
magnetic seizure therapy
vagus nerve stimulation
deep brain stimulation

146
Q

rTMS (repetitive transcranial magnetic stim)

A

– electromagnetic device to deliver rapidly pulsed magnetic field to the cerebral cortex to activate neurons

147
Q

MST

A

– uses higher frequency electronic pulses instead of electricity to induce a seizure. - focal

148
Q

Vagus Nerve Stimulation

A

– stimulates the vagus nerve which results in improved levels of neurotransmitters

149
Q

DBS

A

– surgically implanted electrodes stimulates a certain part of the brain

150
Q

memeo 2 13 miutes

A
151
Q

Theory of Cognitive Development

A

Piaget
- maturation pattern of cognitive processing

152
Q

Theory of psychosocial developemnt

A

Erik Erikson – eight predetermined life stages in which developmental tasks should be accomplished

153
Q

Theory of Object Relations

A

Interpersonal theorists who emphasizes that past relationships influences a person’s self worth

154
Q

Theory of Moral Development

A

-Kohlberg applied Piaget’s theory to moral development (how people progressively develop a sense of morality).
- Carol Gilligan – ethics of care theory focuses on forming relationships and putting the needs of those for whom we care above those of strangers

155
Q

Psychoanalytic Theory
theorist
tenet
model

A

Freud
- Unconscious thought; psychosexual development
- Psychoanalysis to learn unconscious thoughts; the therapist is nondirective and interprets meaning

156
Q

Interpersonal Theory
theorist
tenet
model

A

Sullivan
- Relationships are the basis for mental health or illness
- Therapy focuses on the here and now and emphasizes relationships; therapist is an active participant

157
Q

Behavioral Theory
theorist
tenet
model

A

Pavlov, Watson, Skinner
- learn behavior through conditioning
- modification addresses maladaptive behaviors by rewarding adaptive behavior

158
Q

Cognitive Theory
theorist
tenet
model

A

Beck
- Negative and self-critical thinking cause depression
- therapists assist in identifying negative thought patterns and replacing them with rational ones; Therapy often involves homework

159
Q

Biological Theory
theorist
tenet
model

A

Many
- heavily influenced by and/or cause changes to the brain and/or neurotransmitters resulting in changes in thinking and behavior
- Neurochemical imbalances are corrected through medication and talk therapy (cognitive –behavioral therapy)

160
Q

Nursing Models were discovered by

A

Hildegard Peplau

161
Q

Peplau’s nursing model is regarded as around

A

Interpersonal relationships in nursing strongly influenced the outcome of the patient
-Mild anxiety
-Moderate anxiety
-Severe anxiety
-Panic anxiety

162
Q

Behavioral System Theory
theorist
focus of nursing
example

A
163
Q

Good attainment Theory
theorist
focus of nursing
example

A
164
Q

Culture care Theory
theorist
focus of nursing
example

A
165
Q

system model Theory
theorist
focus of nursing
example

A
166
Q

self-care deficit Theory
theorist
focus of nursing
example

A
167
Q

Dynamic nurse pt relationship Theory
theorist
focus of nursing
example

A
168
Q

Transpersonal caring Theory
theorist
focus of nursing
example

A
169
Q

Mental Health recovery model in psychiatric nursing

A
  • Living adaptively with chronic mental illness and substance abuse
  • Shifts the responsibility of care from the provider to the patient
  • Emphasizes hope, social connection, empowerment, coping strategies and meaning in life
170
Q

Group Therapy

A

optimum 6-10 people
- interpersonal theory
- provides support
- private, comfortable seats, arranged to see each other

171
Q

Task Role in Group Therapy

A

keep group focused
attend to business at hand

172
Q

Maintenance Role in Group Therapy

A

Keep group together
Provide interpersonal support

173
Q

Group Leader in Group Therapy

A

structure
size, composition, purpose
timing
start communication
Ensures each member summarizes accomplishments and gives positive and negative feedback

174
Q

Autocratic Leader

A

– exerts control over the group

175
Q

Democratic Leader

A

– supports extensive group interaction in the process of problem solving

176
Q

laissez-faire leader

A

– allows group to behave however they want and doesn’t attempt to control the direction of the group

177
Q

Education groups

A

Requires expert leadership and careful planning

178
Q

task groups

A

Time limited and have a common goal, team leader facilitates team building and cooperation

179
Q

support groups

A

People with common concerns and may be facilitated by a supportive leader or by group members

180
Q

therapy groups

A

Led by professional group therapists. Therapists can be directive and confrontational, or a more hands off approach

181
Q

Benefits of Group Therapy

A

Altruism
Cohesiveness
Interpersonal Learning
Guidance
Catharsis
Identification
Family reenactment
Self understanding
Instillation of hope
Universality
Existential Factors

182
Q

Altruism

A

Giving help to others

183
Q

Cohesiveness

A

Feeling connected and belonging

184
Q

Interpersonal Learning

A

Learning from other members

185
Q

Guidance

A

Receiving help and advice

186
Q

Catharsis

A

Releasing feelings and emotions

187
Q

Identification

A

Modeling after member or leader

188
Q

Family reenactment

A

Testing new behaviors in a safe environment

189
Q

Self-understanding

A

Gaining personal insights

190
Q

Instillation of hope

A

Feeling hopeful about one’s life

191
Q

Universality

A

Feeling that one is not alone

192
Q

Existential Factors

A

Coming to understand what life is about

193
Q

Roles of BSN and AND IN PSYCHIATRY

A

Medication Education groups
Dual-diagnosis groups (co-lead WITH therapist
Symptom management groups
Stress management groups
Self-care groups
No psychotherapy

  • ONLY THERAPY IF PRACTITIONER WITH SPECIALTY
194
Q

Milieu

A

environment and social structure
- inpt or structure output
- safe to test new behaviors
**increase ability to interact adaptively with outside community
- group met for goals (orient, encourage, eval) - nurse led

195
Q

Therapeutic Milieu effects

A

Increase patient self esteem
Decrease social isolation
Encourage appropriate social behaviors
Educate patients in basic living skills
Recreational groups
Physical activity groups
Creative Art groups
Storytelling

196
Q

Family Therapy

A

Improve communication
Understand and manage special family situations
Improve functioning of the home environment
Identify and shift dysfunctional interactions and dynamics
Mobilize family strengths and resources
Strengthen family problem solving behavior

197
Q

Deinstitutionalization

A

– care shifted from long-stay psyche hospitals to community health services
(labeled insane)

198
Q

Olmstead Act Decision

A

keeping people with mental illness confined in hospitals for treatment of mental illness violated their rights in that mental illness was considered a disability and institutionalization was a violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act… therefore, services MUST be provided in the most integrated setting… to include treatment in the community.

199
Q

How is mental health care moving into the future?

A

essential to overall health
family driven
disparities eliminated
early screening. assessment, and referrals
research
telehealth

200
Q

Primary Care Providers in Outpt for psych

A

Lessens stigma
Disadvantages
Time constraints
Lack of expertise in psychiatry

201
Q

Patient-Centered Medical Homes Model (PCMHs)

A

Comprehensive Care
Patient centered - holistic relationships
Coordinated care
Accessible - extended hours
Quality and safety

202
Q

Psychiatric rehab services

A

– social model which emphasizes and supports recovery and integration into society rather than a medical model of dysfunction. (development of social skills, acquisition of optimal social, working, living and learning environment

203
Q

Community Mental Health Centers

A

JFK 63
- opposed to institutionalization. Legislation led to state laws and budget favoring community care.
- comprehensive to prevent and tx

204
Q

Pysch Home Health

A

Decreases hospitalizations
Alternate to clinical settings
Reimbursement requires patient to be homebound need help

205
Q

Intensive outpatient programs (IOPs)and Partial hospitalization programs (PHPs)

A

able to work and live at home
IOP - 1/2 day
PHP - 6 hours

206
Q

Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)
goal

A

keep patient at optimal level of wellness, crisis intervention, decrease jail and hospitalizations
CW 2-3x week
RN monthly (long injections, med monitoring, assessments, advocate

207
Q

Extended Observation Unit (EOC)

A

23 hour - goal is to keep patient at optimal level of wellness, decrease jail and hospitalizations
out of jail= stabilize and not hospitalize
- acute crisis

208
Q

Role of Nurses in Oupt Care Settings

A

Registered nurse who has graduated from nursing program
Develop and implement a plan of care with multidisciplinary team
Assess patient and living arrangements
Education
Refer to community supports
Supervise unlicensed care staff
Applies nursing process based on theory, standards, ethics
Provides health teaching & maintenance
Coordinates care & community resources
Community health nurses promotes community interventions such as stress reduction classes and facilitate grief support groups

209
Q

Oupt Care settings

A

Psychiatric-mental health advanced practice RN
Graduate of Master’s Program or Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) program as Advanced Practice Nurse: (CNS) or (NP)
Assessment, diagnosis and treatment
Psychotherapy & group therapy
Consultation
Medication Prescriptive Authority
Education

210
Q

Inpt care settings

A

Public psych hospitals
General hospital psych units
Private psych facilities
Specialty settings: Pedi, Geriatric, VA, Forensic, ETOH and Drug Abuse
24 nursing care
Safe and structured setting
Patients needing protection from suicidal ideation, aggressive impulses, medication adjustment and monitoring, crisis stabilization, substance use detoxification and behavior modification
May be admitted voluntarily or involuntarily
Unlocked or locked units to prevent elopement or “AWOL”

211
Q

AWOL

A

away without leave

212
Q

Elopement

A

leaving before D/C

213
Q

Inpt Care Settings do what

A

eat meals
receive meds
attend activities
participate in therapies
active until they are unable to make a decision
Right to refuse tx as long as not declared incompetent

214
Q

Nurses are responsible for managing

A

the treatment environment (milieu)
- purposeful manipulation
-cope better
-interact appropriately
-relate to others more effectively through learning new skills

215
Q

Your responsibility with any and every patient is their

A

safety.
If there is ever a reason to violate a policy, it would be due to

216
Q

Elements of effective milieu

A

Safety
Structure (rules and boundaries)
Norms - rights and responsibilities
Limits
Balance - therapy and least restrictive environment
Environmental modification
Locked windows- elopement
Platform beds heavy, can’t take them apart
Heavy furniture with rounded corners
Sprinklers and shower heads tend to be flushed mounted – suicide and weapon

217
Q

Role of Psychiatric Nurses in Inpatient Care Setting

A

Registered nurse who has graduated from nursing program
Applies nursing process based on theory, standards, ethics
Provides health teaching & maintenance
Coordinates care & community resources
Maintains safety and manages milieu
Addresses legal issues
Provides pharmacological, biological, & integrative therapies

218
Q

What are the legal issues with nursing psych?

A

Voluntary vs involuntary status (paperwork must be in order prior to allowing a patient into a locked unit)
Consent for all psychiatric medications to include teaching on purpose and side effects

219
Q

State Acute Care System

A
  • not guilty by reason of insanity
    Big Spring

Module 6 (Psych Mental Health) (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions