Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 6 (Psych Mental Health) > Mood Disorders - Bipolar > Flashcards

Mood Disorders - Bipolar Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Van Gogh painting Old Man in Sorrow was painted shortly after his

A

1890 died AFTER D/C from an asylum
from self-inlficted GSW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bipolar 1 Disorder consists of

A

At least one episode of “persistent or elevated, expansive or irritable mood” (mania), accompanied by changes in activity or energy.

A major depressive disorder episode is frequently included.
- social and work functioning is impaired
- psychosis accompany both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bipolar 2 Disorder consists of

A

Includes at least one period of hypomania alternating with one or more periods of depression.
- no full mania episodes
- tx during depressive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hypomania episodes requires

A

requires less sleep, inflated self-esteem, increased energy or activity, is distracted, may overspend, sexual indiscretions and impulsivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bipolar 2 has more

A

depressive s/s AND SPEND MORE TIME IN DEPRESSIVE STATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bipolar Specifiers

A

rapid cycling (4+ episodes in 12-month period)
mania- depression x4
Melancholic
Atypical
Peripartum
Seasonal
Psychotic and catatonic features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Melancoholic

A

depressive episodes with inability to feel pleasure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Atypical

A

depressive features that are not typical for the individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Psychotic features in Bipolar

A

hallucinations
paranoia
delusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Catatonic features for bipolar

A

extremes of physical activity or not moving at all

  • Randy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Manic episode s/s (3+ for bipolar)

A
  • inflated self-esteem or grandiosity (jesus, devil, president)
  • decreased need for sleep (3 hours is good for them)
  • more talkative and pressure to keep talking
  • flight of ideas or racing thoughts
  • distractibility (irrelevant)
  • increase in goal-directed activities or psychomotor agitation
  • excessive involvement in high potential painful consequences (shopping, sexual indiscretions, or investments)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The bipolar mood disturbances is sufficiently

A

severe to cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If the manic episode continues for a long time, what issues could arise?

A

cardiac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hypomanic criteria

A

4+ days
- unequivocal change in functioning that is uncharacteristic of the individual when not symptomatic.
- not severe enough to cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning or to necessitate hospitalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Delirious mania

A

rapid onset of delirium and mania
possible psychosis
Hyperactive catatonia - prominent
DO NOT STOP TO EAT AND ACUTE CONFUSION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Delirious mania is tx with

A

high doses of benzodiazepines and or ECT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Unipolar depression

A

affects women more
later in life
no appetite, no interest to eat
sleep with insomnia, problems staying asleep and falling asleep
lesser risk of drug abuse and suicide than bipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Bipolar Depression

A

men and women equal
younger
Binge eating- depressed; anorexia -mania
Hypersomnia and diff to wake in the morning
Greater isk of abuse and suicide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cyclothymic Disorder

A

Hypomanic episodes alternating with persistent depressive episodes for at least 2 years or 1 year in children.
- irritable episodes
mood extemes severe than bipolar
stable mood periods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Initial presentation for male;females is

A

mania, and depression for females.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What other disorders could be accompanying bipolar cyclothymia?

A

anxiety
Impulse control, attention-deficit/hyperactivity and substance use disorders occur in over half of those with bipolar disorder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Bipolar spectrum disorder has a higher rate of these medical comorbidity

A

especially cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, endocrine disorders, type 2 diabetes, and obesity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Genetic Theory of BSD

A

First degree relatives of a person with bipolar disorder are 7-10 times more likely to develop bipolar disorder
both then 50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Strongest predictor of later development of BSD is

A

displays premorbid symptoms of anxiety/depression, affective lability and low-level manic symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Neurobiological Factors of BSD
in mania

A

HIGH dopamine, norepinephrine, and glutamate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Neurobiological Factors of BSD
in bipolar depression

A

low dopamine and norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

If serotonin is too low in BSD depression episode this can cause

A

agitation
poor impulse control in manic phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

GABA in BSD is

A

blunted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Meltonin is altered in

A

BSD leads to poor sleep

30
Q

Neuroendocrine Factors in Bipolar as associated with

A

stress abnormalities in HPA axis
- high levels of ADH and cortisol
Premenstraul syndrome
- late onset with menopause

31
Q

Neuroanatomical Factor’s of BSD

A

Development or degenerative
MRIs subtle deficits in gray matter vol with mood
- disorganization

32
Q

Environmental and Psychological Influences in BSD

A

Dysregulation
Hyperresponsiveness may result in mania.
Depressive symptoms result from the deactivation of BAS.

33
Q

Environment and Psychological Factors in BSD

A

Social Rhythm Theory states that our disruptions of our circadian rhythm and sleep deprivation may provoke or exacerbate the symptoms.
Stress can trigger acute episodes of BPD
migraine, childhood trauma, genes, poor cognitive ability,
excited neurons

34
Q

BSD S/S

A

mania abrupt
recurrence is likely
- few days -months
FOLLOW depressive episodes
- remorse and increasing risk for suicide

35
Q

T/F: Suicide can only occur in BSD depression episodes.

A

false, it can occur in both phases but most common in depressive

36
Q

Appearance and Behavior in BSD

A

Unstable, unpredictable
Constant activity
Constantly pushes limits
Impulsive/excessive: spending $$, phone calls, writing, giving away items
Religious preoccupation
Extreme makeup and clothing
Sexual indiscretion
Self care issues: Lack of sleep/proper nutrition, may lead to physical exhaustion/death

37
Q

Thoughts of BSD patients include

A

Pranoid delusions
grandiousity
hallucinations
pressured speech
flight of ideas
circumstantial speech
cland associations

38
Q

Paranoid delusions

A

– everyone is out to get them
Fixed beliefs that appear real with fear and loss of ability to teal what is real and unreal

39
Q

Grandiosity

A

inflated self regard

40
Q

Hallucinations

A

Sensory perceptions become altered

41
Q

Pressured speech

A

Nonstop, loud, hard to interrupt.

42
Q

Flight of ideas

A

Disconnected rambling from subject to subject

43
Q

Circumstantial speech

A

Unnecessary details. Rate and rhythm can be rapid.

44
Q

Clang Associations

A

Stringing words together, rhyming

45
Q

Tx for BSD in cognitive functions

A

pharmacotherpay and psychoedu
Tx depressive s/s
control comorbidity
implenet remediation
promote aerobic and execise
healthy habits

46
Q

The mood and affect of a person on BSD

A

Unstable, labile
May change from euphoria to belligerence to crying
Easily angered
Hostile, irritable, paranoid

47
Q

What assessment tool is used for BSD?

A

MOOD DISORDER QUESTIONAIRE

48
Q

Nursing Process for BSD

A

hospilze for stabilization
Medical exam for dehydration, cardiac status, and poor sleep
Safety - danger for others/self, poor impulse/judgment, inappropriate sexual, uncontrolled spending

49
Q

When the patient is stabile, what does the nurse need to ensure the family understands

A

assess their understanding of BSD

50
Q

Nursing Dx for BSD

A

Impaired Sleep
Self Care Deficits
Safety Risk Towards Others
Lack of Insight
Nonadherence to Medication Regime
Impaired Mood Regulation and Labile

51
Q

During acute mania, the nurse needs to

A

Prevent injury and maintain safety
Be well hydrated with 24 hours
Maintain stable cardiac status
Get sufficient sleep
Demonstrate self control
Have them attempt at self control

52
Q

Phase 2 (continue) and Phase 3 (maintenance), the nurse needs to

A

Patient and family will attend psychoeducational classes
Support groups
Therapies – cognitive-behavior, interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, family-focused therapy
Communication and problem-solving skills training

53
Q

What can the nurse implement during the acute mania phase of BSD?

A

Decreasing physical activity
Adequate food and fluid
Ensuring 4-6 hours of sleep
Alleviate bowel or bladder problems (more fluids or healthy diet)
Intervening to ensure self-care
Medication management
Close observation, seclusion or ECT

54
Q

What can the nurse implement during the PHASES 2 AND 3 phase of BSD?

A

Stress reduction
Employment and legal issues
Relapse prevention

55
Q

Communication implemented in the BSD patients behavior ad a nurse

A

setting limits in a firm nonthreatening, and neutral manner
Early intervention in escalating behavior
Avoid power struggle, but set limits for safety
Verbal de-escalation for agitation or aggressive behavior
Seclusion may be necessary to prevent harm to self or others if de-escalation attempts do not work

56
Q

Hyperactive Therapy Milieu needs to be

A

decreased stimulation

57
Q

Seclusion for Bipolar is only after

A

all other approaches have not worked
involuntary and solitary confinement

58
Q

Seclusion may provide

A

comfort and relief with no longer control of their behavior
- considered restraint
requires documentation that less restrictive interventions were attempted and requires an order from a physician

59
Q

Pharmacological therapies for mood stabilization in BSD IS USED IN

A

mania
hypomania
depression
- continue indefinitly

60
Q

What is the 1st choice for Bipolar 1 acute mania?

A

Lithium carbonate
- alters excitatory neurotransmitters

61
Q

Lithium side effects

A

Mild hand tremor, polyuria & thirst, mild nausea, wt gain. Long term risk of hypothyroidism & kidney impairment. Monitor thyroid and renal functions
- Contraindicated in pregnancy

62
Q

All medications used in Bipolar Disorders

A

lithium
anxiolytics
mood stabilizers (antconvulsant and antiepileptic)
antipsychotics
antidepressants
ECT - CATATONIC S/S

63
Q

Antidepressants are not given by themselves if used in BSD, what is also given with it?

A

mood stabilizers
- if not can cause mania

64
Q

Patient teachings for Lithium

A

blood levels, thyrois and kidneys
- toxic effects
with adequate salt and fluid intake *1500-3000mL/day
STOP if excessive vomiting, diarrhea, sweating since dehydration causes lithium levels to increase

65
Q

With lithium do not give

A

diuretics
OTC

66
Q

Avoid __________ if using lithium

A

pregnancy

67
Q

Mood stabilizers patho

A

Depresses CNS by ↑ GABA (used for rapid-cyclers)

68
Q

Mood stabilizers medication names

A

*Divalproex, valproate, or valproic acid (Depakote**
Depakene, Depacon, Stavzor)
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Lamotrigine (Lamictal) (report rash)
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Topiramate (Topamax)
Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)

69
Q

ECT is used on bipolar with

A

catatonic s/s
resistant manic and sepressed s/s
rapid control symptoms
severe suicide, agitation, or violent
- severe depression or mania during pregancy

70
Q

What needs to be done during the maintenance phase of Bipolar?

A

Psychoeducation
Information
Emotional Discharge
Support medication and other treatment adherence
Use self help strategies
Problem-solving training
Cgonitive Behavior Therapy
IPSRT
Family therapy
telepsych
support gorups

71
Q

A prevention plan of ___________ needs to be established in maintenace.

A

relapse and early warning signs

72
Q

Bipolar patients need to decrease

A

cafeeine and avoid alcohol and drugs

Module 6 (Psych Mental Health) (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions