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NCE > Theories > Flashcards

Theories Flashcards

1
Q

Jung

A

Analytical psychology

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2
Q

Transactional analysis parts of the mind

A

Child, adult, parent

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3
Q

Thantos

A

Freudian concept; individuals demonstrating self destructive behavior ruled by this force

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4
Q

Free association

A

Analytic technique where client is instructed to say whatever comes to mind

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5
Q

Transference

A

Client treats therapist in similar manner as a previous individual

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6
Q

Countertransference

A

Redirection of therapist’s feelings towards client

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7
Q

Symptom substitution

A

If symptom (not the underlying problem) is addressed another symptom will occur to replace it

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8
Q

Eric Berne

A

Transactional analysis

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9
Q

Psychodynamic vs psychoanalytic therapy

A

Fewer sessions, uses analytic principles, and is face to face

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10
Q

Catharsis or abrecation

A

Talking about difficulties in order to purge emotions

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11
Q

Topographical theory

A

Freud’s model of the mind represented as an iceberg (conscious above water, preconscious, unconscious)

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12
Q

Interpretation

A

Helps client become aware of the unconscious

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13
Q

Parapraxis

A

Slips of the tongue, pathology of every day life

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14
Q

Ego defense mechanisms

A

Unconscious processes which serve to minimize anxiety and protect the self from severe Id or superego demands, protect self image. Tends to deny or distort reality

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15
Q

Repression

A

Ego defense mechanism, viewed as the most important. Individual truly forgets painful memory

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16
Q

Denial

A

Ego defense mechanism, suppression

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17
Q

Reaction formation

A

Ego defense mechanism, act opposite of how one feels

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18
Q

Projection

A

Ego defense mechanism, attribute own qualities to others

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19
Q

Displacement

A

Ego defense mechanism, divert energy on to safe target

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20
Q

Rationalization

A

Ego defense mechanism, making up reason or excuse for bruises ego

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21
Q

Sublimination

A

Ego defense mechanism, divert energy into other channels

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22
Q

Regression

A

Ego defense mechanism, go back to earlier development phase with fewer demands

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23
Q

Introjection

A

Ego defense mechanism, taking in values of others

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24
Q

Identification

A

Ego defense mechanism, associating self with something successful

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25
Q

Compensation

A

Ego defense mechanism, overdevelop a trait to make up for limitation

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26
Q

Kohler

A

Experiments on monkeys that found insight - client becomes aware of a factor in his/her life that was previously unknown

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27
Q

Psyche

A

Total human mind including the unconscious and conscious

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28
Q

Logos

A

Men’s mind operation, based on logic

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29
Q

Eros

A

Women’s mind operation, based on intuition

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30
Q

Introversion

A

Turning in of libido. Self brings pleasure

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31
Q

Extroversion

A

Finding pleasure in external factors

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32
Q

Collective unconscious

A

Jung’s concept. Common to all men and women, deepest level of the psyche containing the accumulation of inherited experiences of humanity made up of archetypes

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33
Q

Archetypes

A

Universal experiences or symbols that mean something to everyone (includes persona, ego, shadow, anima/animus, & self)

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34
Q

Depth psychology

A

Assumes something is wrong below the level of awareness

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35
Q

Individuation

A

Harmonious integration of unconscious and conscious where one learns to accept shadow

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36
Q

Persona

A

Mask or face presented to outside world

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37
Q

Ego

A

Center of consciousness, but is influenced by unconscious

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38
Q

Shadow

A

Qualities we wish to keep out of sight, forced out of awareness

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39
Q

Anima/animus

A

Equally exists in both genders. Female & male qualities.

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40
Q

Self

A

Totality of entire psyche, created via individuation

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41
Q

Adler

A

Individual psychology

42
Q

Social connectedness

A

Goal of individual psychology, desire to belong

43
Q

Paradoxical techniques

A

Intentionally exaggerate behavior to address problem

44
Q

Confrontation

A

Individual psychology technique. Pointing out discrepancy between behavior and emotion or behavior and intention.

45
Q

Frederick Thorne

A

Believed in incorporating the best of each theory in a scientific matter

46
Q

Associationism

A

Ideas held together by associations, John Locke

47
Q

Skinner

A

Behavior modification, operant conditioning

48
Q

Law of effect

A

Thorndike. Reinforcement theory based on this idea.

States that responses associated with pleasure will be repeated.

49
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

Adding something of value to reinforce

50
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Exhibit a behavior to avoid aversive stimuli, reinforcing behavior

51
Q

Positive punishment

A

Stimulus added, behavior decreases

52
Q

Negative punishment

A

Stimulus removed, behavior decreases

53
Q

Pavlov

A

Behavior therapy, classical conditioning

54
Q

Conditioned behavior

A

Learned behavior

55
Q

Unconditioned behavior

A

A behavior that is not learn, is natural

56
Q

Respondent behavior

A

natural reflexes

57
Q

Higher order conditioning

A

Replace a conditioned stimulus with another conditioned stimulus

58
Q

Forward conditioning

A

Conditioned stimulus before unconditioned stimulus

59
Q

Delay conditioning

A

CS delayed until US occurs

60
Q

Unconditioned stimulus

A

Stimulus that causes a natural response (i.e. food causes the salivation)

61
Q

Stimulus generalization
Irradiation
Second-order conditioning

A

Stimulus similar to conditioned stimulus produces the same reaction

62
Q

Experimental neurosis

A

Stimuli become difficult to differentiate

63
Q

Chaining

A

Sequence of behaviors in operant conditioning joined together by reinforcers

64
Q

Baseline

A

Frequency of a behavior prior to treatment

65
Q

Joseph Wolpe

A

Systematic desensitization

66
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

Imagining increasingly anxiety arousing situations while engaging in behaviors to compete with anxiety (based on Pavlov)

67
Q

Subjective units of distress scale

A

Used to form hierarchy for Systematic desensitization

68
Q

Neal Miller

A

Studied rats and found autonomic processes can be controlled

69
Q

Concreteness

A

Asks a question in attempt to eliminate vagueness

70
Q

Directive

A

A suggestion

71
Q

Paradigm

A

Model

72
Q

Active therapy

A

Directive therapy where therapist provides direct suggestions

73
Q

Premack principle

A

States an efficient reinforcer is what a person likes to do. Take a lower probability behavior and reinforce with a higher probability behavior

74
Q

Intermittent reinforcing
Thinning
Partial reinforcement

A

Skinner. Behavior not reinforced every time, only during intervals or ratios.

75
Q

Ratio reinforcement

A

Reinforce based on # of responses

76
Q

Interval reinforcement

A

Reinforce based on time elapsed

77
Q

Process of systematic desensitization

A

1) Relaxation training
2) Construction of anxiety hierarchy
3) Desensitization in imagination (interposition)
4) In vivo desensitization

78
Q

In vivo

A

Direct exposure

79
Q

Covert sensitization

A

Imagine bad stimulus causing negative effective (i.e; alcohol=nausea) , then imagine desired stimulus causing a positive effective (water=relief)

80
Q

Implosive therapy

A

Relies on imagination to expose individual to feared stimulus (Stampfl)

81
Q

Flooding

A

Genuine exposure to feared stimulus

82
Q

Frankl

A

Logo therapy (based on existentialism)

83
Q

Albert Ellis

A

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

84
Q

REBT

A

assumes client’s emotional disturbance is some result of irrational thoughts and ideas

85
Q

Meichenbaum

A

Cognitive restructuring & stress innoculation

86
Q

cognitive restructuring

A

learning to use new internal dialogue

87
Q

Aaron Beck

A

cognitive therapy

88
Q

Logotherapy

A

Frankl; Healing through meaning.

89
Q

Vertical relationship

A

Counselor viewed as a superior

90
Q

Horizontal relationship

A

“I-Thou” relationship, counselor viewed as equal (used in existentialism)

91
Q

Yalom & May

A

Contributed to existential therapy

92
Q

Worlds of existentialism

A

Umwelt, Mitwelt, eigenwelt

93
Q

Umwelt

A

physical world of existentialism

94
Q

Mitwelt

A

relationship world of existentialism

95
Q

Eigenwelt

A

identity world of existentialism

96
Q

Phenomenology

A

Client’s internal personal experiences of events

97
Q

Ontology

A

Philosophy of being & existing

98
Q

William Glasser

A

Reality therapy

99
Q

BCP

A

Abbreviation used in reality therapy which asserts that perception controls our behavior

100
Q

Reality therapy

A

Belief that underlying problems are related to relationships

NCE (3 decks)

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