Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NCE > Social & cultural diversity > Flashcards

Social & cultural diversity Flashcards

1
Q

Cross-cultural counseling/Multicultural counseling

A

Counseling a client from a different social and/or cultural background

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Culture

A

Customs , values, attitudes, beliefs, language, etc. shared by a group.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cultural conflict

A

Experience of conflict due to belonging to 2 cultures OR difficulties of 2 cultures in same area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Macroculture

A

The majority or dominant culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cultural relativity

A

Something that may only reassessed as good/bad in context of a given culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Albert Bandura

A

Social learning theory/observational learning theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Observational learning theory

A

Stated that children learn through observation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Leon Festinger

A

Interpersonal attraction factors, theory of social comparison, & cognitive dissonance theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Interpersonal attraction factors

A

Close proximity
Physical attraction
Similar beliefs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Propinquity

A

Tendency for individuals in close proximity to be attracted to each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Daniel Levinson

A

Theory of adult development, idea of midlife crisis, & stage-crisis view

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Theory of adult development

A 
Early adult transition
Entering adult world
Age 30 transition 
Settling down
Mid-life transition
Entering middle adulthood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stable period

A

person makes crucial life choices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Transitional period

A

End of one stage and beginning of next stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Contextualism

A

Behavior must be assessed in the context of the culture in which the behavior occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dollard & Miller

A

Frustration-aggression theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cognitive dissonance theory/balance theory

A

Festinger. People strive for consistency/balance in terms of their belief systems. Attempt to reduce/eliminate inconsistent beliefs and move towards consistency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Mores

A

Beliefs regarding the rightness or wrongness of behavior, which is decided by a group. Generally more severe.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Clemont Vontress

A

Created ideas about multicultural counseling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Universal culture/human culture

A

Needs across all cultures such as food,water, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ecological culture

A

Norms developed for practical and survival behavior related to climate or resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

National culture

A

Official language, stated view, and central government of country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Holophrases

A

1-2 word sentences spoken around the age of 1

24
Q

Emory Bogardus

A

Social distance scale, which measured how individual felt towards other ethnic groups

25
Q

“Foot in the Door” technique

A

Asking for a small favor and then asking for a bigger favor

26
Q

“Door in the face” technique

A

Asking for a large favor and then asking for smaller more reasonable request

27
Q

Society

A

Self-perpetuating group which occupies a definitive territory

28
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

use own culture’s view as a standard of reference, view own culture as superior

29
Q

Acculturation

A

Ethnic and racial minorities integrate/adopt culture beliefs and customs from majority of dominant culture

30
Q

Assimilation

A

A high level of acculturation where the individual becomes part of the majority culture

31
Q

Modal personality

A

typical personality of a group

32
Q

Terminal decline

A

dramatic decrease in intellectual functioning that occurs in the last 5 years of life

33
Q

Cognitive dissonance

A

Person looks for things consistent with his or her behavior and dismisses ideas inconsistent with the behavior

34
Q

Carl Rogers

A

Believed person-centered therapy to be a good model for cross cultural counseling

35
Q

Therapeutic surrender

A

Person develops enough trust to “surrender” to the counselor despite being from another culture

36
Q

Assimilation-contrast theory

A

A client will perceive a counselor’s statements somewhat like his or her own beliefs as more similar/perceive dissimilar as more dissimilar

37
Q

Connotation

A

emotional content of a word, which is different from the dictionary term

38
Q

Emic

A

Insiders perception of a culture. Used by multicultural counselors to acknowledge unique differences

39
Q

Etic

A

View that all humans are equal, belief that the same theory can be applied to all cultures

40
Q

Alloplastic

A

Coping is best achieved by changing external factor

41
Q

Autoplastic

A

Change comes from within

42
Q

Personalism

A

All people must adjust to environmental and geological demands. Counselor should view person as someone who learned a set of survival skills rather than a “diseased” patient

43
Q

Pluralism

A

Person retains traditions and differences yet cooperate in new culture

44
Q

Social facilitation (Allport)

A

Individuals increase memory performance in a group even without interaction

45
Q

Sleeper effect

A

After a period of time, one forgets the communicator but remembers the message

46
Q

McDougall & Ross

A

Hormic psychology (behavior is typically goal-oriented)

47
Q

Stanley Schacter

A

Stated that firstborns and only children feel need to affiliate with others

48
Q

Kurt Lewin

A

Conflict theory which resulted in frustrations (3 types of conflict: approach-approach, approach-avoidance, avoidance-avoidance)

49
Q

Approach-approach conflict

A

Presented with 2 attractive options

50
Q

Approach-avoidance conflict

A

Something with a positive and negative factor

51
Q

Avoidance-avoidance

A

2 negative options

52
Q

Melting pot concept

A

Inaccurate concept which states different cultures assimilate into the dominant culture

53
Q

Salad bowl model

A

People mix but retain unique identity

54
Q

Robbers Cave Experiment

A

2 groups that were originally hostile towards each other are given a goal that required cooperation. Resulted in decreased competition.

55
Q

Caste system

A

implies fixed layers of superiority in society

56
Q

Theory of social comparison

A

People need to compare self to others in order to assess own abilities. Tendency to compare self to those like us.

NCE (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions