Theories

Question 1

MAJOR THEORIES OF MOTIVATION

Examine the internal forces that drive the individual to specific actions

Answer 1

Content Theories

Question 2

MAJOR THEORIES OF MOTIVATION

Attempt to explain the person’s reaction to external stimuli

Answer 2

Process Models

Question 3

CONTENT MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES

Emphasize the satisfaction of needs to explain the motivational process

Answer 3

Maslow’s and Alderfer

Question 4

CONTENT MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES

While still citing the importance of needs satisfaction, proposes that some workplace-related factors can generate dissatisfaction in the employees, whereas others offer promise as motivators

Answer 4

Herzberg

Question 5

CONTENT MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES

Ties the strength of the behavioral motives to the individual’s assessment of the likelihood of achieving a specific goal

Answer 5

McClelland’s Achievement Model

Question 6

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

Primary or Lower-level needs include

Answer 6

Physiological needs
Safety needs

Question 7

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

Secondary or Higher-level needs include

Answer 7

Social needs
Esteem (ego) needs
Need for self-actualization

Question 8

Primary or Lower-level needs

The most basic biological survival needs such as food, water, air, rest, and sex

Answer 8

Physiological needs

Question 9

Primary or Lower-level needs

Physical and psychological security and stability and freedom from deprivation, fear, or threats

Answer 9

Safety needs

Question 10

Secondary or Higher-level needs

Affiliation, affection, friendship, a sense of belonging, acceptance, and being part of a group peers

Answer 10

Social needs

Question 11

Secondary or Higher-level needs

Personal respect and independence, recognition of achievement, and appreciation fromothers

Answer 11

Esteem (ego) needs

Question 12

Secondary or Higher-level needs

The highest level needs, for fulfillment and realization of potential, both as a creative person and as a member of society

Answer 12

Need for self-actualization

Question 13

ALDERFER’S ERG NEEDS THEORY

Physiological, safety, and other elements necessary to support existence

Answer 13

Existence (E) needs

Question 14

ALDERFER’S ERG NEEDS THEORY

Interpersonal relationships, acceptance, and belonging

Answer 14

Relatedness (R) needs

Question 15

ALDERFER’S ERG NEEDS THEORY

Creativity, challenge, and personal growth on the job

Answer 15

Growth (G) needs

Question 16

HERZBERG’S TWO FACTOR THEORY

Referred to as “Maintenance factors” or “Dissatisfiers” because they prevent job dissatisfaction

Answer 16

Hygiene factors

Question 17

HERZBERG’S TWO FACTOR THEORY

Referred to as “Maintenance factors” or “Dissatisfiers” because they prevent job dissatisfaction

Answer 17

Hygiene factors

Question 18

HERZBERG’S TWO FACTOR THEORY

Also called “Motivators” or “Satisfiers” because they seem to stimulate employees to strive for superior performance

Answer 18

Motivation Factors

Question 19

MCCLELLAND’S ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION (3)

The need for _____ e.g job and career success

Answer 19

Achievement

Question 20

MCCLELLAND’S ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION (3)

The need for ____ e.g control and influence

Answer 20

Power

Question 21

MCCLELLAND’S ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION (3)

The need for _____ e.g warm, friendly relationship

Answer 21

Affiliation

Question 22

Theory seeks to understand how people are motivated, in contrast to the content theories, which are concerned with the internal motivational forces

Answer 22

Process motivational theories

Question 23

Theory of motivation that based on the observation that we tend to behave according to the way we are treated

Answer 23

Skinner’s reinforcement theory

Question 24

THEORY OF MOTIVATION THAT EXPLAINS BEHAVIOR AS A
PROCESS OF MAKING CHOICES IN DIRECT RESPONSE TO THE EXPECTED POTENTIAL FOR REWARD

Answer 24

Vroom’s Expectancy Theory