Theories Flashcards
1
Q
Fraud theory of psychosexual development
A
- all humans go through a similar sequence of significant emotionally events in their early lives
-Emphasizes the different stages, each of which builds upon achievement of the stages below it - Children move from one stage to the next through physical maturation
- based on erous zones of the body that are particularly sensitive to touch and produce sources of pleasure that present successive issues for each child to resolve
- every child automatically produces some frustration and conflict as former way of gaining pleasure are denied
2
Q
Obstacles to smooth progression
A
- fixation
- regression
3
Q
Fixation
A
A lingering attachment to earlier stage of pleasure seeking behaviour
4
Q
Regression
A
Going back to an earlier stage if there is considerable conflict or frustration
5
Q
Stages of psychosexual development according to fraud
A
- oral
- Anal.
- Phallic
6
Q
Ages for oral psychosexual development
A
Infancy
7
Q
Describe oral psychosexual development
A
- first erogenous zones
- Babies pleasures are oral ( breast-feeding)
- Passive time of being fed, receiving care and love through the mouth
- If a child fails to receive satisfaction during this stage (early weaning) fixation may occur throughout life. The person may find ways of regressing to this infantile stage of behaviour by being passive and seeking pleasurable or activities (eating, talking, smoking, drinking, singing)
-Oral character are passively dependent
8
Q
Ages for anal psychosexual development
A
+|~ 2 yrs - potty training
9
Q
Describe anal psycho sexual development
A
- Second erogenous zone
- the child is becoming aware of his separate identity and developing independence
- Child refuses all sorts of suggestions and request
- Struggles between the parent, and the child are common if the child does not come out of them with good feelings and a new fixation many result leading to tendency to withdraw or refuse to part with one’s own
-anal characteristics are compulsively, clean and organized careful in control at all times stubborn and miserly
10
Q
What is the age of the phallic psychosexual development?
A
- third erogenous zone
- Differs between male and female (Oedipal/elertra)
-Aware that some people have penises and other others do not - Becoming more aware of their fathers importance
- The greatest difficulty for a growing child
- a normal child has to settle for a resolution which is not usually satisfying
- later, work in psycho, analyst directed, and exposing repressed memories associated with unresolved feelings of the stage
- Once the child has identified him or herself firmly as a member of his own sex, he or she is ready to move onto the next stage
11
Q
Family drama - Oedipal complex (males)
A
- named afterOedipas, the legendary Greek king who knowingly killed his father and married his mother
- Freud believes this occurred in all men
- During the phallic stage
12
Q
3 Acts of the Oedipal complex
A
- Love and hate
- fear and renunciation
- Renunciation and final victory
13
Q
First act - love and hate describe…
A
Love of mother and jealousy/hate of father
14
Q
Second act - fear and renunciation
Describe ….
A
- Fear of cast
- Fear of father
15
Q
Third act of reunification and final victory
Describe …
A
- The boy identifies with his father by becoming like his father he will eventually enjoy and erotic partnership of a similar kind
16
Q
Family drama Electra - complex females
Describe …
A
-During the phallic stage
- penis envy
- for example, love of father - jealous/hate/fear of mother - increasing fear of mother - repression of entire complex - identification with mother)
17
Q
Two stages of Electra
A
- Latency (+|~ 5-12 years)
- Genitalia (+|~ puberty)
18
Q
Latency
A
- sexual quiet that follows the tumult of the phallic stage
- Boys play with boys and girls play with girls
- The two sexes in nor each other or sneer at each other
- children deny having any interest in sex
19
Q
Genitalia
A
- sexual feelings, emerging again and cause youth to begin actual relationships with the opposite sex, that overtime lead to genital love experiences, marriage, and full creation
- Can cause deep emotional disturbances because repressed feelings and fears (from the phallic stage) our resurfacing
20
Q
1
Basic assumptions of freuds theory of motivation
A
- People have two basic drives that motivate all their behaviour and sex and aggression.
-society tries to control these instinctive urges
- drives often make people feel guilty and anxious so they hide them from others and themselves
21
Q
Basic assumptions of Freud’s theory of motivation
#2
A
- all behaviour has meaning and reason behind
- it through analysis, the motives can be uncovered
22
Q
Basic assumptions of Freud’s of motivation
#3
A
- The unconscious mind is the place where people hide their drives for sex and aggression
- People are unaware of the contents of their unconscious
- contents of the unconscious can motivate people to behave in ways. They do not understand. 
23
Q
Abraham Maslow
Years?
A
1908 to 1970
Theory of motivation
24
Q
Abraham Maslow’s series of motivation
Explain
A
- Humans are basically good, rational, thinking individuals who want to become better human beings
- have a wide variety of needs ranging from basic survival needs to more complex, psychological, and social needs
- these needs are fulfilled in a definite hierarchal order
- People need to meet each of the lower needs in the hierarchy before they can turn their attention to the higher needs
- all people are motivated to fulfil their needs in this order and they never stop striving to reach the next level
- once have their needs at the certain level, they may go back to play at lower needs levels for example talking behaviour
- The happiest people our self actualized they have achieved as much as they are capable of receiving
- unlike Freud, who believed humans were evil and controlled by impulses in their unconscious mind 
25
What are the hierarchy of needs?
- Meta needs
- Growth needs
- deficiency needs 
26
Describe met needs
Met are based on a typical needs of those rare individuals who strive to achieve self actualization
- gain intensity through satisfaction
27
What are the three Meta needs?
- Needs for self-fulfilment
- Aesthetic needs
- cognitive needs
28
What are needs for self-fulfillment?
The need to live up to one’s full potential
29
What are aesthetic needs?
The need for order and beauty in one surroundings
30
What are cognitive needs?
The need for knowledge and understanding of things
31
What are the two growth needs?
- Esteem needs
- Belongingness and love needs
32
What is an esteem needs?
The need for self respect, the need for respect and recognition from others
33
What is belongingness and love needs?
The need for love and acceptance by friends and family
34
What are deficiency needs?
- Safety and security needs
- Physiological needs
35
What are safety and security needs?
The need to feel safe, secure and stable
- The need to be protected from violence
36
What are Psychological needs?
The basic needs such as air, water, food, shelter, sleep, and sex
37
What does growth needs mean?
- based on the need to develop and fulfil one’s inner potential and Kate abilities
- independent of the environment and unique to the individual
- Gain intensity through satisfaction
38
Describe deficiency needs
- possessed by all human beings
- based on crucial lack within us that must be fulfilled by external objects or people
- press towards their own limitation
