Theoretical Genetics Flashcards
Alleles
Different versions of a specific gene
Locus
The place for a specific gene on the DNA molecule
Heterozygote
Two different alleles
Homozygous
The same alleles
Genotype
What alleles the organism has e.g. Tt, TT, tt
Phenotype
The characteristics of an organism
Dominant alleles
An allele that has the same effect on the phenotype whether it is present in the heterozygous or homozygous state
Recessive alleles
An allele that only has an effect on the phenotype when present in the homozygouse state
Genome
The whole of the genetic information of an organism
Polygenic inheritance
More than one gene affects a specific trait
Carrier
An individual that has a copy of a recessive allele that causes a genetic disease an individual in homozygous state
Locus
The position on the homologous chromosome of a gene
Sex-linkage
Sicknesses which are presented on the sex chromosomes (X and Y)
