Defence Against Infections Diseases

Question 1

Pathogen

Answer 1

The invader - an organism or a virus capable of causing a disease

Question 2

Infectious disease

Answer 2

Is cause when a pathogen invades the body and lives there parasitically

Question 3

Pathogen/diseases causing organism?

Answer 3

Bacteria, virus, fungi, Protozoa, worms

Question 4

Diseases

Answer 4

An unhealthy condition for the body

Question 5

Virus

Answer 5

• Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat called capsid.
• Take over the machinery of protein and nucleus acid synthesis forcing the host to make new viruses.
• Make use of hosts to live and reproduce and to spread.
• It is not a cell, living organism

Question 6

Host

Answer 6

Infected organism

Question 7

Antibiotics?

Answer 7

Chemical substances taking advantage of the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Question 8

How do antibiotic act?

Answer 8

• Inhibiting the production of new cell wall => bacteria cannot grow and divide.
• Inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria.

Question 9

First line of defense?

Answer 9

Skin + Mucous linings

Question 10

How does the skin protect the body?

Answer 10

• mechanical barrier with a outer layer consisting of thick and closely packed keratinized cells.
• the outer layer is constantly being replaced.
• the skin is dry -> discourages growth of bacteria.
• has a natural flora that compete with pathogens for space and nutrients.
• pH is acidic.
• easy to wash away bacteria.
• the enzyme lysozyme kills bacteria.

Question 11

How does Mucous Linings protect the body?

Answer 11

• secrete fluid called mucus .
• moisten cavity.
• is viscous and traps microbes and foreign substances

Question 12

Examples of areas of Mucous Linings?

Answer 12

Trachea, nasal passages, urethra and vagina

Question 13

Antigen

Answer 13

A chemical that is foreign to our body and brings about immune response

Question 14

What is so special with antibodies?

Answer 14

One antibody for each type of antigen