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Intro Nursing > Theoretical Foundations > Flashcards

Theoretical Foundations Flashcards

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1
Q

Helps explain an event by:

  • Defining idea or concepts
  • Explaining relationship among the concepts
  • Predicting outcome
A

Theory

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2
Q

Nursing Theory

A

Conceptualization of some aspect of Nursing:

  • Describe
  • Explain
  • Predicts and/or
  • Prescribes nursing care
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3
Q

Components of Theory

A
  • Phenomenon
  • Concepts
  • Definitions
  • Assumptions
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4
Q

NEEDS THEORY

  • Assist the patient with activities until they recover or die
  • 14 basic needs
A

Virginia Henderson (1897-1996)

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5
Q

SELF-CARE THEORY

  • The nurses prescribes & regulates the nursing system based on the patients’ self-care deficit
  • 3 inter-related theories:
    1. Theory of self-care
    2. Theory of self-care deficit
    3. Theory of self-care capacities
A

Dorothea Orem (1914-2007)

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6
Q

ROY’S ADAPTATION MODEL

  • Nursing as a “humanistic discipline that emphasizes the person’s adaptive or coping abilities”
  • The nurse assesses the patients’ adaptation behaviors & then uses the nursing process to develop diagnoses, goals, interventions, & evaluates the pts’ progress
A

Sister Callista Roy (1939-)

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7
Q

WELLNESS MODEL BASED ON GENERAL SYSTEMS THEORY (Health as expanding consciousness)

  • Focus is the client system in relationship to stressors
  • Nursing care focus on reducing stress factors & adverse conditions that increase the risk OR optimum pt function
A

Margaret Newman (1933-)

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8
Q

TRANSCULTURAL NURSING

  • Viewed cultural differences & health care practices
  • Based on culturally congruent care
A

Madeline Leininger (1925-2012)

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9
Q

THEORY OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS

  • Focuses on the effective interaction b/w the pt and the nurse
  • Nurse-pt relationship. 2 goals:
    1. Survival of pt
    2. Pt’s understanding of health problems and develop new behavior patterns
A

Hildegard Peplau (1909-1999)

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10
Q

THEORY OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP cont…

4 phases:

Develop therapeutic relationships that are…

A

POWR

  1. Pre-orientation
  2. Orientation
  3. Working phase
  4. Resolution

REN

  • Respectful
  • Empathetic
  • Non-judgemental
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11
Q

THEORY OF CARING

  • Goal of nursing is to help people attain a higher level of harmony within the mind-body-spirit
  • 10 carative factors
  • Holistic outlook addresses the impact and importance of altruism, sensitivity, trust, and interpersonal skills
A

Jean Watson (1940-)

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12
Q

Touch

A
  • Provides comfort
  • Creates a connection
  • Noncontact Touch
  • Contact Touch
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13
Q

Types of Contact touch

A
  • Task-oriented touch
  • Caring touch
  • Protective touch
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14
Q

Essentials 1-9

  • Expected outcomes of graduates of baccalaureate nursing programs
  • Provides nursing programs w/ examples of educational approaches
A

Essentials of Baccalaureate Education (AACN)

-created in 2008 by American Association of Colleges of Nursing

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15
Q

Involves identification of practice issues; appraisal and integration of evidence; evaluation of outcomes

  • Monitor pt outcomes & identify practice issues
  • share evidence of best practices w/ a Interprofessional team
  • Advocate protection of human subjects in research
  • Evaluates credibility of info sources
A

Essential III: Scholarship of Evidence-Based Practice

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16
Q

Professional values are the foundation for practices of nursing

  • Responsibility for individual actions and behaviors - including civility
  • Altruism, Autonomy, Human dignity, Integrity
  • Demonstrates the professional standards of moral, ethical, and legal conduct
A

Essential VIII: Professionalism and Professional Values

17
Q

“Contributes to plan of care”

  • Performed focuses assessments
  • 12 months of education
A

Vocational Nursing Education

18
Q

“Direct nursing care to or coordinate care for a limited number of pts in various health care settings”
-Comprehensive nursing care to pts and their families
Comprehensive assessments to identify health needs and monitor changes

A

Diploma and Associate Degree Nursing Education

Diploma - Hospital based education that is 2-3 yrs long

Associate Degree - 2 yrs of education w/ a balance of liberal arts and nursing

19
Q

“Provide direct care for pts, families, populations, & communities experiencing complex and unpredictable health care needs in structured and unstructured settings”

  • Comprehensive nursing care to pts, families, populations, and communities
  • Perform comprehensive assessments and monitor changes to include factors impacting health status
A

Baccalaureate Nursing Education

120 semester hours - 60 from liberal arts and 60-70 hrs from nursing courses

20
Q

Roles of Generalist nurse:

A
  • Providers of direct and indirect care
  • Provides evidence based care
  • Prepared for ethical dilemmas
  • Practices from a holistic, caring framework
21
Q

Roles of Generalist nurse cont..

A
  • Recognizes the diff. b/w disease and the individual’s illness experience
  • Provides care in and across all environments
  • Focuses on individual, family, community, and population
  • Are designers, coordinators, and managers of care
22
Q

“Caring is a concept central to professional nursing practice. Caring is related to this Essential encompasses the nurse’s empathy for, connection to, and being w/ the patient, as well as the ability to translate these affective characteristics into compassionate, sensitive, and pt-centered care

A

BSN Essential VIII Definition of Caring

23
Q

Caring: Providing Presence

A
  • Being with
  • Eye Contact
  • Body lang
  • Tone of voice
  • Listening
  • Positive and Encouraging attitude
24
Q

Established and approved these competencies to help promote clarity and consistency b/w and among programs

A

Purpose of DECs

25
Q

4 Nursing roles in the DEC

A
  • Members of the Profession
  • Provider fo Pt-Centered Care
  • Pt Safety Advocate
  • Member of the Health Care Team

Intro Nursing (10 decks)

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