Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Flashcards
“A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO,1947)
Health
Healthy People 2020
- Goals were directed towards longevity across the nation
- Increase the life-span of people
- Elimination of any disease processes, disabilities, and any premature deaths
- Eliminate any health disparities
- Promote a safe social and physical env. that is dedicated towards positive health promotion
Focus on Survival, Health, and Basic Human Needs
Levels:
- Physiological
- Safety
- Love and Belonging
- Esteem
- Self-Actualization
Pt centered, holistic, ABC’s
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Model
Focuses on:
- Emotional, Spiritual, Well-Being
- Dimensional Physical Wellness
- Patients are Experts, Patients Autonomy
CAM
Nonpharmacological Care
Conventional Approach
Nursing Process
Holistic Health Model
Holistic Pt Care Based on: -Perceptions -Behaviors -Beliefs 3 Components -Disease susceptibility -Disease perception -Disease prevention Directs nursing and patient care
The Health Belief Model
Complement Health Protection Goals:
- Health Positivity
- Dynamic
- Pt Focused
Focuses: -The Individual -The Behaviors -The Outcomes Goal: Improved health through all life stages
The Health Promotion Model
Internal Variables (affecting health, beliefs, and practices)
- Developmental Phase
- Cognitive Abilities
- Physical Functioning
- Emotional Factors
- Spiritual Factors
External Variables (affecting health, beliefs, and practices)
- Family Beliefs and Practices
- Socioeconomic Factors
- Psychosocial Factors
- Economic Factors
- Cultural Background
Behavior Modification Stages
- Precontemplation
- Contemplation
- Preparation
- Action
- Maintenance
Precontemplation
Unaware of the problem
Contemplation
Aware of the problem and of the desired behavior change
Preparation
Intends to take action
Action
Practices the desired behavior
Maintenance
Works to sustain the behavior change
A state in which a person’s physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
Illness
Disease and Illness are not synonymous
Acute
- Short term
- Severe: Multi system possible
- Reversible
- Abrupt in occurrence
- Recovery
- Life threatening
Chronic
- Longer than 6 months
- Multi-system involvement
- Irreversible
- Relapse Occurrence
- Disability/Decreased Functionality
- Life Threatening
Preventive Care Levels
- Primary (Health Promotion)
- Secondary (Prompt Treatment)
- Tertiary (Restoration/Rehabilitation)
Patient responses based on their knowledge of their disease processes and how they monitor, respond, and interpret their symptoms
Illness Behavior
- Perception
- Disruption
- Fears of Ignorance
- Acute vs. Chronic Illness
- Coping Skills
- Locus of Control
Internal Variable (Perception and nature of illness)
- Symptom Visibility
- Social Groups
- Culture
- Dietary Practice
- Financial
- Health Care Accessibility
External Variables (Visibility of symptoms and pt’s response)
Impact of Illness
Illness affects the pt, family, and social support allies therefore the nurse must be able to address each concern
- Reaction
- Body Image
- Self-concept
- Roles
- Dynamics
