Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Question 1

“A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO,1947)

Answer 1

Health

Question 2

Healthy People 2020

Answer 2

• Goals were directed towards longevity across the nation
• Increase the life-span of people
• Elimination of any disease processes, disabilities, and any premature deaths
• Eliminate any health disparities
• Promote a safe social and physical env. that is dedicated towards positive health promotion

Question 3

Focus on Survival, Health, and Basic Human Needs

Levels:

• Physiological
• Safety
• Love and Belonging
• Esteem
• Self-Actualization

Pt centered, holistic, ABC’s

Answer 3

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Model

Question 4

Focuses on:

• Emotional, Spiritual, Well-Being
• Dimensional Physical Wellness
• Patients are Experts, Patients Autonomy

CAM
Nonpharmacological Care
Conventional Approach
Nursing Process

Answer 4

Holistic Health Model

Question 5

Holistic Pt Care
Based on:
-Perceptions
-Behaviors
-Beliefs
3 Components
-Disease susceptibility
-Disease perception
-Disease prevention
Directs nursing and patient care

Answer 5

The Health Belief Model

Question 6

Complement Health Protection Goals:

• Health Positivity
• Dynamic
• Pt Focused

Focuses:
-The Individual
-The Behaviors
-The Outcomes
Goal: Improved health through all life stages

Answer 6

The Health Promotion Model

Question 7

Internal Variables (affecting health, beliefs, and practices)

Answer 7

• Developmental Phase
• Cognitive Abilities
• Physical Functioning
• Emotional Factors
• Spiritual Factors

Question 8

External Variables (affecting health, beliefs, and practices)

Answer 8

• Family Beliefs and Practices
• Socioeconomic Factors
• Psychosocial Factors
• Economic Factors
• Cultural Background

Question 9

Behavior Modification Stages

Answer 9

• Precontemplation
• Contemplation
• Preparation
• Action
• Maintenance

Question 10

Precontemplation

Answer 10

Unaware of the problem

Question 11

Contemplation

Answer 11

Aware of the problem and of the desired behavior change

Question 12

Preparation

Answer 12

Intends to take action

Question 13

Action

Answer 13

Practices the desired behavior

Question 14

Maintenance

Answer 14

Works to sustain the behavior change

Question 15

A state in which a person’s physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired

Answer 15

Illness

Disease and Illness are not synonymous

Question 16

Acute

Answer 16

• Short term
• Severe: Multi system possible
• Reversible
• Abrupt in occurrence
• Recovery
• Life threatening

Question 17

Chronic

Answer 17

• Longer than 6 months
• Multi-system involvement
• Irreversible
• Relapse Occurrence
• Disability/Decreased Functionality
• Life Threatening

Question 18

Preventive Care Levels

Answer 18

• Primary (Health Promotion)
• Secondary (Prompt Treatment)
• Tertiary (Restoration/Rehabilitation)

Question 19

Patient responses based on their knowledge of their disease processes and how they monitor, respond, and interpret their symptoms

Answer 19

Illness Behavior

Question 20

• Perception
• Disruption
• Fears of Ignorance
• Acute vs. Chronic Illness
• Coping Skills
• Locus of Control

Answer 20

Internal Variable (Perception and nature of illness)

Question 21

• Symptom Visibility
• Social Groups
• Culture
• Dietary Practice
• Financial
• Health Care Accessibility

Answer 21

External Variables (Visibility of symptoms and pt’s response)

Question 22

Impact of Illness

Answer 22

Illness affects the pt, family, and social support allies therefore the nurse must be able to address each concern

• Reaction
• Body Image
• Self-concept
• Roles
• Dynamics