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Citizenship > Theme B > Flashcards

Theme B Flashcards

1
Q

Council

A

A group of people who are elected to look after the affairs of a town, district or a county.

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2
Q

Manifesto

A

A published statement of the aims and policies of a political party.

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3
Q

Council Tax

A

Paid by all residents in an area - the amount payed is dependent on their house value.

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4
Q

Business Tax

A

Payed by all local businesses - depends on the rent money they pay for the buildings they use.

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5
Q

Seats in parliament

A

650 seats - have to get the majority 326 seats

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6
Q

Hustings

A

A meeting at which candidates in an election talk with voters.

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7
Q

Political Ideology

A

A set of ideas or beliefs about a particular thing. In politics it is usually left or right.

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8
Q

Who can’t vote?

A
  • Under 18
  • EU citizen resident at the UK
  • A convicted prisoner
  • Have been found guilty of corrupt practices in
    an election in the last five years.
  • Are a member of the House of Lords
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9
Q

First Past The Post

A

An electoral system where voters have one vote in their
constituency and the candidate with the most votes wins

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10
Q

Proportional representation

A

The number of seats a party wins is roughly proportional to the votes it receives in an election.

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11
Q

Canvassing

A

When people try to persuade others to vote for their party in an election.

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12
Q

Representative democracy

A

A form of democracy in which people elect a
representative to make decisions for them.

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13
Q

Advantages of FPTP

A
  • Extremist parties are unlikely to be elected
  • The result becomes clear very quickly
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14
Q

Disadvantages of FPTP

A
  • The number of votes cast for a party does not reflect
    the number of seats won
  • Smaller parties tend to win few seats because they
    don’t have enough support in each constituency
  • People may vote tactically to keep a party out rather
    than for the party they believe in.
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15
Q

Advantages of PR

A
  • No votes are wasted
  • The number of seats the parties win reflects the
    percentage of votes cast for each party.
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16
Q

Disadvantages of PR

A
  • The party can draw up the list of candidates so only people who agree with the powerful people in a party will be elected
  • The elected MP has no local link in a big constituency
  • small parties can have unfair power over the larger parties by threatening to withdraw from a coalition.
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17
Q

Closed-list system

A

a form of PR in which a party puts forward a list of candidates in the order they will be elected

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18
Q

What factors can affect who you vote for?

A
  • Party policy
  • Age, Gender and Ethnicity
  • Social Class
  • Religion
  • Peer Influence
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19
Q

Conservative policies

A
  • People should own the businesses and services that we need and should be free to make a profit.
  • Thinks that taxes should be as low as possible so people can choose how to spend their money
  • Thinks that strong communities are built through maintaining traditional values
  • Thinks that the Monarchy and the House of Lords are important in the way the country runs.
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20
Q

Labour Policies

A
  • Thinks that services should be provided by the government working with private companies
  • Thinks that taxes should be used to help close the gap between rich and poor.
  • Communities will be strong if people respect each other. - Thinks that the EU is important to the UK.
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21
Q

Coalition

A

A government made of more than one party. It is formed when no one party has enough seats to form a government.

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22
Q

Cabinet

A

A group of MPs who head major government departments. It meets weekly to make decisions about how government policy will be carried out.

23
Q

Back benchers

A

MPs who do not hold office in the government or opposition; they sit on the back benches in the House of Commons

24
Q

Shadow Cabinet

A

MPs from the main opposition party who ‘shadow’ MPs who head major government departments

25
Q

Speaker

A

The MP elected to act as chairman for debates in the House of Commons

26
Q

Roles of a PM

A
  • directing government policy
  • managing the Cabinet
  • organising government
  • controlling Parliament
  • providing national leadership.
27
Q

The Cabinet

A
  • the Treasury, which runs the finances
  • the Home Office, which is responsible for protecting the
    public
  • the Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs Office, which is
    responsible for the UK’s interests abroad.
28
Q

Bi-cameral

A

The UK Parliament is bi-cameral because it has two Houses, the House of Commons and the House of Lords

29
Q

Black Rod

A

The person who has ceremonial duties in the Palace of Westminster, including bringing MPs to the House of Lords for the State Opening of Parliament

30
Q

The executive

A

Makes policy and puts it into practice. It is made up of the Prime Minister, Cabinet and Civil Service.

31
Q

The judiciary

A

Makes judgments about the law. It is made up of judges and magistrates in courts

32
Q

The legislature

A

Makes laws. It is made up of the House of Lords and House of Commons

33
Q

Secretary of State

A

An MP who is in charge of a government department such as health or defence

34
Q

Green Paper

A

This puts forward ideas that the government wants discussed before it starts to develop a policy.

35
Q

White Paper

A

This puts government policy up for discussion before it becomes law

36
Q

Act of Parliament

A

A law passed by Parliament

37
Q

Referendum Example

A
  • Scotland 2014
  • Brexit 2016
38
Q

Assembly

A

A body of people elected to decide on some areas of spending in a region.

39
Q

Devolution

A

The transfer of power from central to regional government

40
Q

British constitution

A

The laws and conventions which set down how the UK is governed.

41
Q

Judicial review

A

A review carried out by the High Court to decide whether a decision made by a public body has been made properly.

42
Q

Parliamentary inquiry

A

An enquiry set up to investigate actions taken by government departments and public bodies.

43
Q

Parliamentary sovereignty

A

Parliament is the top legal body and can pass new laws
or stop old laws.

44
Q

Select committee

A

One of the committees that check and report on the work of government departments

45
Q

Total managed expenditure

A

£742 billion

46
Q

Budget

A

The process each year when the Chancellor of the Exchequer explains how the government will raise and spend its money

47
Q

Chancellor of the Exchequer

A

The member of the government who is responsible for
the country’s finances

48
Q

Government revenue

A

The money raised by the government

49
Q

The House of Commons

A

Debates, constructs and votes on legislation

50
Q

The House of Lords

A

Amends legislation

51
Q

Some powers of the government and cabinets

A
  • Making policy decisions
  • Representing the UK on the world stage
  • Handling events and crises
  • Running individual government departments
52
Q

The powers of the PM

A
  • Appointing Cabinet and Government ministers
  • Negotiating and conferring with other leaders
  • Responding to crises and events
53
Q

The role of the civil service

A
  • Carrying out routine administration
  • Enacting decisions by ministers
  • Advising ministers
54
Q

The role of the monarch

A
  • Being a figurehead for the UK
  • Meeting weekly with the PM
  • Acting as an experienced advisor

Citizenship (4 decks)

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