Theme 2 - The Rural-Urban Continuum Flashcards
Rural?
an area of countryside characterised by wide open spaces.
Urban?
a built-up environment where a lot of people live.
Population density?
the average number of people per square kilometre. Usually expressed as densely or sparsely populated.
Location?
a particular place or position.
Population?
the number of people living in an area.
Urban-rural continuum?
a continuous scale from village to city (a continuum along which all settlements are placed.
Sphere of influence?
a region within which an urban area provides an important economic and social influence.
What are the strenghts of a sphere of influence? (3)
.the infrastructure and transport links between the urban and rural areas
.the distance from the urban area
.the size of the urban area
Counter-urbanisation?
the movement of people out of towns and cities to rural areas.
Describe reasons of counter-urbanisation? (state at least 3)
.housing - homes are more affordable in rural areas
.family status - with increased income/family size, people may look for larger properties in rural areas
.transport - improved rail links and increases car ownership means people can live in different locations from where they work
.employment - increase in undustry on rural-urban fringe
.social factors - lower crime rates and good schools in urban areas
.environmental factors - less noise and air pollution in rural locations
What are impacts of counter-urbanisation on rural settlements? (5)
.increase in house prices
.decrease in traditional services (village shops)
.increase in numbers of children attending rural schools
.increased amounts of traffic
.loss of villager indentity (majority of residents do not work in the village)
What are 4 factors leading to increased commuting?
.cities have more job opportunites than rural areas
.people live in rural areas due to cheaper house prices
.improvements in road and rail links have cut journey times
.improvements in car saftey and comfort have encouraged more people to travel long distances
What are 3 factors leading to decreases commuting?
.rapid growth of internet and email removes need to be in office
.increases quality of mobile phone network means people can constantly stay in touch with co-workers
.covid-19 disrupted work patterns forcing people to work at home, goverment promoted working at home even after the pandemic
Primary jobs?
jobs that involve getting raw materials from the environment e.g. fishing.
Tertiary jobs?
jobs that provide a service e.g. teaching.
