Theme 2: Lecture 3 - Introduction to blood

Question 1

Haematopoiesis

Answer 1

Formation of all blood components

Question 2

Erythropoiesis

Answer 2

Formation of RBCs

Question 3

Myelopoiesis

Answer 3

Formation of WBCs

Question 4

Thrombopoiesis

Answer 4

Formation of platelets

Question 5

What are all blood cells derived from

Answer 5

a common haematopoietic stem cell

Question 6

What prevents blood from clotting in a test tube

Answer 6

EDTA (it binds calcium), heparin or citrate

Question 7

What are the predominant proteins in serum

Answer 7

Albumin and immunoglobulins

Question 8

How does plasma differ to serum

Answer 8

Plasma contains clotting factors

Question 9

Neutropenia

Answer 9

Abnormally low concentration of neutrophils

Question 10

Symptoms of neutropenia

Answer 10

infection susceptibility

Question 11

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 11

Abnormally low platelet level

Question 12

Symptoms of thrombocytopenia

Answer 12

bruising, nose bleeds, ect

Question 13

What is a symptom

Answer 13

what the patient complains of

Question 14

What is a sign

Answer 14

what you as a clinician sees

Question 15

What is erythropoietin

Answer 15

hormone that drives RBC formation

Question 16

Where is erythropoietin produced

Answer 16

kidneys

Question 17

What does erythropoietin act on

Answer 17

erythroblasts

Question 18

What drives RBC production to a lesser extent than erythropoietin

Answer 18

Testosterone

Question 19

Iron deficiency

Answer 19

• Can’t incorporate enough iron into the haem and in haemoglobin molecules in RBCs which leads to them being delayed in their maturation.
• This leads to anaemia
• Accompanied by huge amount of comorbidity, premature mortality and infant mortality

Question 20

What are vitamin B12 and folate necessary for

Answer 20

To produce DNA nucleotides