Theme 1- Community Action& Active Citizenship Flashcards
Have ‘The Campaign to Protect rural England’ been successful ?
In 2010 CPRE were a vital member of the 10:10 campaign which aimed to reduce carbon footprint of over 100,000 businesses schools and individuals. In 2011 it was revealed that they had reduced their carbon footprint by 12%. Which is over their target of 10%. They put pressure on the public and the government by using banners and writing letters to MP’s
Who are ‘The Campaign to Protect Rural England’ and what are their aims?
They are a pressure group/ charity that aim to ensure a ‘Sustainable Future’ for the English Countryside
Give an example of a successful National UK based campaign
In 2005, 225,000 were part of a protest and marched through Edinburgh with banners in the Make Poverty History campaign
The result was the Government working harder to get debts of developing countries cancelled in the G8 meetings
How do the methods a pressure group use affect their success?
Publicity Stunts- FOR-they are dramatic and capture the media attention which will raise awareness
AGAINST-Fathers for Justice used publicity stunts such as climbing Big Ben, some of these acts have been seen as borderline terrorism, so it brings negative attention to the pressure group.
Strikes- Often affect a large number of people inconveniently so attention
Indirect Actions:
Letter Writing- puts pressure on people in power
Some people may just ignore them
Give an example of a recent successful campaign
In 2009 CASCET campaigned against a proposed ‘Eco town’ in Leicestershire the plan would build 15,000 carbon neutral homes
The group got members of the public to Write Letters to their MP and got their point of view reported in the news it lead to the housing minister not approving the ‘Eco Town’ plan
What is a trade union?
An organised group of workers in a trade of profession formed to protect their rights of interest
What are tactics used by trade unions?
(5) and explain two
Strikes-Members of a trade union withdraw their labour
Picketing - A form of process where people congregate outside a place of work during a strike
Work to Rule - workers do bare minimum of work as stated by their contract e.g no extra meetings
Collective Barganing- The negotiation process between unions and employees
Lobbying- Trade Unions try to persuade MP’s before laws are made, the MP may represent their cause in parliament
What is picketing
Picketing - A form of process where people congregate outside a place of work during a strike (prevent people from going inside of it
What is collective bargaining ?
The negotiation process between unions and employees
What is work to rule?
workers do bare minimum of work as stated by their contract e.g no extra meetings
How does the government and its actions have an impact on citizens lives?
The government set taxes
Make laws that affect citizens
Decide how much money will be spent on each area such as Public Services
What are the consequences of large numbers of the public not partaking in active citizenship
If many people don’t vote, turn out will be low (in the 2010 election it was 65%) this means the party who wins won’t be picked by a majority of the country so many people won’t be represented.
If no one set up or joined charities there’d be a rise in poverty and environmental issues
What is community cohesion?
All the community getting along
What is the Chancellor of the Exchequer ?
Manages the finances of the country, he decides the budget- George Osburne
What is the widely accepted indication of recession?
Two consecutive quarters of negative economic growth
6 months of economic loss
How does recession become evident in a society?
More temporary jobs as it’s cheaper and more convenient for the employer
Introduction of zero hour contracts
Takeovers of businesses
What is a ‘White Collar Recession’ ?
Having an economic loss in the tertiary sector.People working in banks may be made redundant (and other tertiary sector jobs)
Identify 3 consequences of recession in the rest of the economy?
Employment increasing 1.92 million people are out of work
Housing market is severely weak
retail sales decrease
What steps were taken to tackle the problem of recession?
The Bank of England cut interest rates to 1.5% (to reduce the cost of getting a loan) helps businesses& consumers
A temporary cut in Value Added Tax (VAT) from 17.5% to 15% to encourage consumers to spend
When was the recession?
2008-2013
What is inflation ?
The cost of goods and services increasing
Identify 2 Services Provided by the Local Council
Recycling
Collection of Dustbins
Identify other effects of recession?
Shops closing down
Higher crime
What is disposable income?
The money you have leftover once income tax and VAT is taken away from the money a person earns
What is the budget?
It is how much money the government has to spend the budget it is handled by the Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne currently the budget is around £600 million
State the two ways it’s a government deals with recession
Austerity
higher taxes
What is austerity?
The reduction of spending by the government to help pay off taxes
State four impacts of austerity
Public facilities like libraries and swimming pools being shut down.
Services to support elderly people and children are being sat down such as daycare nursery and elderly homes
Spending on public service workers being reduced such as police and teachers pay being reduced
Welfare benefits being reduced
Who is the Home Secretary ?
The minister in charge of the home office, responsible for internal affairs of England and Wales, and for immigration and citizenship for the whole of the UK
Currently it’s Theresa May
What is capital ?
Anything that can be owned and earn an income
What is deficit
When the government spend more money than it has in taxes
What is Flat tax?
A tax which everyone pays the same amount of regardless of their wage e.g VAT
What is progressive tax
Amount of tax increases depending on how wealthy you are e.g. income tax
